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Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Applications of DNA Technology

Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Applications of DNA Technology. DIZON MERCADO ORTIZ SACLAUSO JIMENEZ. But first…. A little game :3. GAME :D. Three volunteers get a paper each and do what’s written in it in the same order. 1 min,1 act. Same-numbered acts are simultaneous.

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Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Applications of DNA Technology

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  1. Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Applications of DNA Technology DIZON MERCADO ORTIZ SACLAUSO JIMENEZ IV - Gluon

  2. But first… A little game :3

  3. GAME :D • Three volunteers get a paper each and do what’s written in it in the same order. 1 min,1 act. Same-numbered acts are simultaneous. • The rest, make 2 groups. • Volunteers face and act for the right group and codes on their backs for the left group to decode “disease”. • Compare and check answers.

  4. For the right group to decode • Lahat mahilig kumain. • Si Gab lang ang nagjajapanese at nangangati. • Malaki bag ni Shir. • Madalas tumakbo si Shir at Gab. • Sumisigaw si Zoe pag galit. • Sumasabay si Zoe sa pagsayaw at pagkanta ni Shir. • English ispikining si Gab at Zoe kaya madalas mag-usap.

  5. Your Answers

  6. Overview of DNA Med. Tech. • Currently a still experimental and widely-explored technology • Most basic concepts are PCR and the HGP • Has multiple uses: • Microbe identification • Determination of inheritable diseases • Gene therapy • Cloning (Experimental)

  7. As a Disease Identifier • Specifically microbial diseases • Two identification methods • Phenotyping (Traditional Microbial Diagnosis) • Genotyping (As stated by word)

  8. Phenotypic Method • Check for the following: • Morphology • Staining properties • Reaction to various stimuli • Other phenotyping methods/protocols • Disadvantages • Hard to reproduce • Hard to make exact identification • Technical difficulties in typing

  9. Genotypic Method • Identification up to nucleic acid level • Method: • Get sample • Check for marker. • Perform PCR. • Compare with previously identified samples. • Easier identification

  10. As a Predictor • Used to predict hereditary diseases even before onset of birth • Three methods for testing: • Identification: • Amniocentesis • Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) • Specification

  11. Amniocentesis and CVS • Amniocentesis: extract fetal cells from amniotic fluid • CVS: extract placental cells • Culture analysis: • Chromosomes • Proteins • Enzymatic reactions • Etc. • Both for determination of what causes the trait on a CHROMOSOMAL LEVEL

  12. Specification • Used for determining what PART OF THE GENE (base pair, etc.) caused the expression of the trait. • Process: • Remove target gene • Replicate gene • Compare to previously determined normal gene

  13. Gene Therapy • Used for treatment of genetic diseases • Uses the Human Genome Project as the ultimate basis • Vectors are used as containers of inoculation • Retrovirus • Adenovirus • Liposome • (Or in some cases, none)

  14. Gene Therapy: Method • Take cell from patient • Change extract DNA’s defective parts into non-defective (gene splicing) • Insert transformed DNA into virus • Virus infects another cell of patient • Let infected cell multiply • Insert back to patient

  15. Human protein replacements • Artificial creation of proteins (usually enzymes) for people who are incapable of producing their own. • E.g. Insulin, anti-venom • Method: • Get protein-coding gene • Insert to bacterium • Make it produce target protein • Harvest.

  16. Technical Difficulties • In production • Stability of replication • Viability of samples • Effectiveness of treatment • Ethics • New fields such as tissue and human cloning

  17. QUIZ (笑) • Give a use of DNA Medical Technology. • There are three disadvantages to phenotypic microbial identification. Name them ALL. (3 pts.) • Give the general process of one method of pre-natal prediction. • Give the general process for gene therapy. • Give a category of protein that can be artificially created (not counting insulin). • Why is gene therapy sometimes ineffective if not detrimental? • Why is human cloning currently unethical (given our current methods)? • What is the central method behind DNA amplification?

  18. UBER-BONUS • DECODE THIS :D

  19. BONUS (ww) (4 max, IF YOU CAN) • What programming language did I use to make the answer key to the UBER-BONUS? (Hint: It’s not Java) • What do you call my [Gab] hairstyle? (Hint: No vanity intended.) • How many slides are there here? (Hint: Lol) Shir’s full name? (w/MIDDLE NAME) • Sinong 2nd Year ang madalas mangulit kay Isko? [Hint: HE SO TALL]

  20. I did all of this while trying to re-cable my headphones.

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