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ESE_GE 152 April 7, 2009 Yuk Yung yly@gpsltech Chapter 1

Atmospheric Radiation. ESE_GE 152 April 7, 2009 Yuk Yung yly@gps.caltech.edu Chapter 1. Outline. Blackbody Energy Balance (1) Energy Balance (2) Thermal Structure Composition. Blackbody Radiation. B  (T) = 2h 3 /c 2 [exp(h/kT) - 1] -1. Brightness Temperature. Outline.

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ESE_GE 152 April 7, 2009 Yuk Yung yly@gpsltech Chapter 1

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  1. Atmospheric Radiation ESE_GE 152 April 7, 2009 Yuk Yung yly@gps.caltech.edu Chapter 1

  2. Outline Blackbody Energy Balance (1) Energy Balance (2) Thermal Structure Composition

  3. Blackbody Radiation B(T) = 2h3/c2[exp(h/kT) - 1]-1

  4. Brightness Temperature

  5. Outline Blackbody Energy Balance (1) Energy Balance (2) Thermal Structure Composition

  6. Unit = Watts

  7. Outline Blackbody Energy Balance (1) Energy Balance (2) Thermal Structure Composition

  8. George Hadley (1685-1768), English lawyer and scientist. “I think the cause of the general Trade-winds have not been explained by any of those who have wrote on that subject” (1735) The overturning Hadley cells are the main way the atmosphere transports energy polewards in low latitudes

  9. 68100

  10. Radiation TOA Quite strong structure due to clouds in ASR and OLR that mostly cancels in the net; some other albedo effects (e.g., Sahara) and land-sea differences, but sun-Earth geometry explains most of pattern. ASR OLR NET Trenberth and Stepaniak, J. Clim. 2003

  11. Surface Top-of-atmosphere Top-of-atmosphere Surface Net Differences Shortwave Kiehl and Trenberth 1997

  12. Radiation TOA Quite strong structure due to clouds in ASR and OLR that mostly cancels in the net; some other albedo effects (e.g., Sahara) and land-sea differences, but sun-Earth geometry explains most of pattern. ASR OLR NET Trenberth and Stepaniak, J. Clim. 2003

  13. Outline Blackbody Energy Balance (1) Energy Balance (2) Thermal Structure Composition

  14. Outline Blackbody Energy Balance (1) Energy Balance (2) Thermal Structure Composition

  15. x: Machida et al. [1995] +: Bernard et al. [2006]

  16. Thanks Elva Kuai, Fai Li, Trenberth, Barnet Goody + Yung Book

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