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GET OUT YOUR Periodic Table and properties of Matter Study guide

GET OUT YOUR Periodic Table and properties of Matter Study guide. 1. Who is Mendeleev and what did he do for science?. Russian chemist 1 st person to arrange the elements into an organized format

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GET OUT YOUR Periodic Table and properties of Matter Study guide

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  1. GET OUT YOUR Periodic Table and properties of Matter Study guide

  2. 1. Who is Mendeleev and what did he do for science? • Russian chemist • 1st person to arrange the elements into an organized format • Called it the periodic table because he noticed repeating patterns of physical and chemical properties • Arranged the elements according to their atomic mass

  3. 2. Who is Moseley and what did he do for science? • Britist scientist • Rearranged the periodic table according to atomic number • The number of protons in each atom

  4. 3. Describe the three types of elements found in the periodic table • Metals • Shiny, ductile, malleable, good conductors of heat and electricity, found to the left of the zigzag line • Non metals • Dull, brittle, poor conductors of heat and electricity, found to the right of the zigzag line • Metalloids • Semi-conductors, have properties of both metals and non-metals, found on the zigzag line

  5. 4. What are the four pieces of information you can gain about an element from its entry box on the periodic table? • Element name • Element symbol • Atomic number (# of protons) • Mass number • Periods • 7 of them, going from top to bottom 5. What are the horizontal rows called and how many of them are there?

  6. 6. What are the vertical columns called and how many of them are there? • Groups • There are 18, going from left to right • Groups • Because all members of a group have the same number of valence electrons 7. Do elements in periods or groups all have similar chemical properties?

  7. 8. What are the electrons in the outermost energy level called? • Valence electrons • According to the group number • Group 1has 1v.e. • Group 2 has 2 v.e. • Group 13 has 3 v.e. • Group 16 has 6 v.e. • Etc… • 8!! 9. How can you tell how many valence electrons an element will have without looking at a picture of the atom? 10. What is the “magic” number of valence electrons that all atoms want to have?

  8. 11. Describe each of the following groups of elements. • Alkali metals • Group 1, most reactive metals, 1 valence electron • Transition metals • Groups 3-12, 1 or 2 valence electrons • Halogens • Group 17, most reactive non metals, 7 valence electrons, combine with alkali metals to form salts • Noble gases • Group 18, completely unreactive, 8 valence electrons

  9. 12. Looking at the periodic table entry provided, fill in the blanks 28 • What is the atomic number? • How many protons does one atom of nickel have? • How many electrons does one atom of nickel have? • What is the atomic mass? • How many electrons does one atom of nickel have? 28 28 59 31

  10. 13. Draw an atom of aluminum, which has an atomic number of 13 14. How many valence electrons does it have? 3

  11. NITROGEN 15. An atom of _______ is shown below. Explain how you know You know it is nitrogen because there are 7 electrons, so there must be 7 protons in the nucleus which means the atomic number is 7

  12. 16. What happens to atomic mass as you move left to right or top to bottom on the periodic table? • Mass increases • Happening at regular intervals • Describe the way matter looks • Color, shape, odor, texture, flexibility, strength, mass, volume, density 17. What does periodic mean? 18. What doe physical properties do? 19. What are 4 examples of physical properties?

  13. 20. What is density? 21. Why is a golf ball more dense than a ping pong ball? • How much matter is in a given space • Golf balls are solid while ping pong balls are hollow, but they are the same size • Golf balls have more mass stored in the same amount of space • The one at the bottom – the most dense has the most mass, so it will sink 22. Which liquid is the most dense in a density column?

  14. 23. What is the formula for finding density? • D = m/v (density = mass divided by volume) • M = D x V • Remember the magic triangle! 24. What is the formula for finding mass if you know density and volume? M D V

  15. 25. What is a physical change? • A change that only affects matter’s appearance • Melting ice, ripping paper, dissolving salt in water • Something that describes how matter can chance into a new substance • Flammability, reactivity, combustibility, oxidation 26. Give 3 examples of physical changes 27. What is a chemical property? 28. What are 4 examples of chemical properties?

  16. 29. What is the difference between a chemical and a physical property? • Physical properties can be observed with your senses • Chemical properties must be tested for • When a substance combines with another to form one or more new substances • Burning a match, mixing baking soda and vinegar, blowing something up 30. What is a chemical change? 31. Give 3 examples

  17. 32. How are chemical changes different from physical changes? • Physical changes are easily reversible because they do not change what the matter is • Chemical changes are not reversible because they do change what the matter is • Glass breaking • Rusting nail • Melting ice cream • Frying an egg 33. Are these physical or chemical changes? physical Does not change the original matter, can go back to it chemical physical Changes the original matter, cannot go back to it chemical

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