Please get out your sketchbook and study guide:

1. Please get out your sketchbook and study guide: • Final Exams THIS WEEK!

2. 1st Semester Final ExamSchedule: • Tuesday - 7th Period Exam • Wednesday – 5th and 6th period • Thursday – 1st and 3rd period • Friday – 2nd and 4th Period

3. Art II: Sculpture Final (worth 20 % of semester average): • 30 multiple choice – scantron • 4 -short answer • 1 -20 point studio application

4. The Elements of Art are the building blocks of an art creation. • They are the VISUAL LANGUAGE of art • One or more elements of art will always be present in a work of art The Elements of Art

5. There are SEVEN elements of art : 1.Line 2. Shape 3. Form 4. Value 5. Color 6. Space 7. Texture

6. Line • Defined as a continuous mark made on a surface – can vary in appearance • Most basic element of art Horizontal Vertical

7. Types of Lines: Thick Zig-zag Curved Thin Diagonal

8. Value • Lightness or darkness of a color or tone

9. Shape Shape is created when a line becomes connected and encloses space. Shapes are FLAT -2 Dimensional (2-D) You can measure its HEIGHT and its WIDTH. There are two basic types of shape: Geometric and Organic

10. The 2 types of shape Geometric shapes have smooth even edges and are measurable. Examples include the square, the circle, the triangle and the rectangle.

11. Organic shapes have irregular edges and are usually found in nature; free form. Leaves, flowers, cloud, etc.

12. Form A Form is a shape that has become 3-Dimensional Form has HEIGHT, WIDTH and DEPTH--which is the 3rd dimension. (3 –D) Depth shows the thickness of the object. Forms are NOT flat like shapes are! Cylinder Cube

13. Space: • Space is everywhere • It indicates areas and gives the feeling of depth in an artwork Middle Ground Foreground Back Ground

14. Texture • An element of art which refers to the surface quality or “feel” of an object, its smoothness, roughness, softness, etc.

15. Color • Most noticeable of the art elements • Is reflected light visible to the human eye

16. Primary Colors Primary colors are NOT mixed from other colors but they generate all other colors. • Red • Yellow • Blue There are 3

17. Secondary Colors • By mixing two primary colors, a secondary color is created. • There are 3 • Red + Yellow = Orange • Yellow+ Blue = Green • Blue+ Red = Violet

18. Proportion: • Relationship of size of one object to the other in your art work

19. Balance • The arrangement of visual elements to create an “even” or “equal” feeling in an artwork. • Visual weight is evenly distributed • There are three balance arrangements in art:

20. 3 Types of Balance: • Asymmetrical Balance (Informal Balance): a balance of unlike objects that create a “felt” balance of the total artwork.

21. Things are different yet balanced

22. 2. Symmetrical Balance( Formal Balance): elements are equally distributed on either side of a central vertical axis; one side duplicates or mirrors the other; sides of image are identical Eiffel Tower in Paris, France

23. 2. Symmetrical Balance( Formal Balance): elements are equally distributed on either side of a central vertical axis; “same”

24. 3. Radial Balance: elements branch out/ radiate out from a central point The Rose Window

25. Early Methods of Forming Clay The earliest and simplest methods are still used today: Three Basic Hand Building Techniques: • Pinch Method (oldest method) • Coil Method • Slab Method

26. Pinch Method • Is when clay is pulled and pinched in order to shape an object with fingers • It is the oldest form of ceramic hand building

27. Two Pinch Pots Combined to create a hollow form:

28. Coil Method • Is when long ropes/coils of clay that are of equal thicknesses are used to build a ceramic object

29. Coil

30. Slab Method • Is a method of rolling out clay flat to an equal thickness • Slabs can be cut into shapes and used to construct ceramic objects

31. Slab Method

32. 6 Stages of Clay: • Slurry/Slip: Liquid clay; “glue” required to attach two pieces of clay together • Wet/Soft: Plastic clay; workable; easily manipulated ** IDEAL

33. 6 Stages of Clay Con’t 3. Leather Hard: Clay is stiff but still damp; firm -maintains form and can be smoothed, carved, and added to; *not easily distorted

34. 6 Stages of Clay Con’t: 4. Bone-dry (Greenware): Water has evaporated from the clay; form is brittle and ready to be fired ** Clay becomes lighter in color

35. 6 Stages of Clay Con’t: • Bisque: fired once; ready to be glazed then fired a second time 6. Glazeware: objects that have been fired a second time after glaze has been applied

36. Clay may be recycled through the bone dry stage by simply rehydrating R*E*C*Y*C*L*E : **Once clay has been fired it becomes permanent – it can no longer be recycled

37. Golden Rules of Ceramics: • Always WEDGE clay first • Score, slip, and press ALWAYS when joining two pieces of clay • No trapped air! – poke escape hole! • Clay must be no thicker than the tip of your thumb • Always cover clay fully with plastic bag so it won’t dry out

38. SURREALISM: • A 20th Century literary and artist movement that expressed the workings of the subconscious mind. • Characterized by dreamlike imagery, elements of surprise, and unexpected combinations/placement of subject matter

39. Medium: • Materials used to create art

40. Aesthetics: • The visual beauty or pleasurable qualities of an object

41. Unity • Occurs when all elements of art work together to promote a sense of oneness or wholeness in a work of art. • is seen in sculpture when all the parts equal a whole. Your work should not appear disjointed or confusing. Louise Nevelson

42. Sculpture in the Round: • a free standing sculpture that is meant to be seen from all sides Chris Gustin

43. George Segal’s Street Crossing 1992

45. Alexander Calder: • American sculptor • Best known as the originator of the mobile, a type of kinetic sculpture the delicately balanced or suspended components of which move in response to motor power or air currents • He also produced numerous wire figures

47. The Kiln: • Chamber for firing your clay • Clay MUST be Bone Dry to fire • You must fire your clay for it to become permanent

48. Kiln • A kiln can reach temperatures of 2,500 degrees F. and higher • Your oven at home possibly reaches 500 degrees - at the most

49. The Kiln • View inside

50. MOSAIC:Defined as a picture or pattern produced by arranging together small colored pieces of material, such as stone, tile, glass or paper