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1. 1 2 Brief Survey of Chinese Language Content Chinese Sound System - Pinyin IC Introduction (Pinyin)

2. 四大文明古国 IC Introduction (Pinyin)

3. Is China a homogeneous country? IC Introduction (Pinyin)

4. Mandarin Chinese on wikipedia IC Introduction (Pinyin)

5. Chinese dialects https://maps.google.com/maps/ms?msid=209514636316471282648.0004a7e7cb3ebf7d14e93&msa=0 Click the city's namesand listen to the dialects. They all mean "I am a Chinese student, want to go to study in the United States, and you?" (我是中国学生，我想去美国留学，你呢？) Special thanks to Huini Eder, Tina Zhang, Mia, Yijin Wert for their contributions on the recording. IC Introduction (Pinyin)

6. Chinese Language Examples of Chinese languageknown to the world IC Introduction (Pinyin)

7. Chinese Sound System - Pinyin IC Introduction (Pinyin)

8. Can you pronounce them? IC Introduction (Pinyin)

9. What is Pinyin？ Pinyin is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use. The correspondence between letter and sound does not follow any single other language, but do not depart any more from the norms of the Latin alphabet than many European languages. IC Introduction (Pinyin)

10. Value of learning Pinyin You will be able to … • Speak Mandarin Chinese • Learn Chinese characters • Look up new characters from a dictionary • Type Chinese on a computer IC Introduction (Pinyin)

11. Image & Sound IC Introduction (Pinyin)

12. En vs. CH Examples Vowel "a" in English can be pronounced as ə(in the word American), it can also pronounced as [a] (in the word apple, bad) Final "a" in Chinese always is pronounced as"a" IC Introduction (Pinyin)

13. EN vs. CH You might be able to spell out an English word by only listening to its pronunciation, even you have never learned that word before. You will never be able to write a character by only listening to it, if you have never learned how to write it. IC Introduction (Pinyin)

14. More Examples English text Chinese text http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_language IC Introduction (Pinyin) 汉语，指汉民族的语言。它可被认作一种语言或一个语系，属于汉藏语系。 Chineseor the Sinitic language(s) can be considered a language or language family[3]. Originally the indigenous languages spoken by the Han Chinese in China, it forms one of the two branches of Sino-Tibetan family of languages.

15. Father of Pinyin – 周有光 http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/video/2008/feb/20/zhaou.youguang.pinyin Use this tool to write Pinyin directly on your computer http://www.chinese-tools.com/tools/pinyin-editor.html IC Introduction (Pinyin)

16. 1 Syllable = Initial + Final + Tone Tone mā Final Initial IC Introduction (Pinyin)

17. Syllabic structure • One character = One syllable σσ σ initial final initial final initial final Ø a d a l iang e.g. 啊、阿 e.g. 大、打e.g. 两、凉 In the past, America was translated into four characters based on its phonetic, listen: 阿美利加 IC Introduction (Pinyin)

18. Initials There twenty-one initials b p m f d t n l g k h j q x z c s zhch sh r IC Introduction (Pinyin)

19. Finals • There are 6simple finals a o e i u ü • There are 30complex finals ai ei ao ou an en ang eng ong iaiaoieiu (iou)ian in iangingiong uauouaiui (uei)uanun (uen)uangueng üeüanün er IC Introduction (Pinyin)

20. Combination of initials and finals • Not every initial can combine with every final • There are only 413 combinations are used to represent thousands of Chinese characters IC Introduction (Pinyin)

21. Initials and Finals Summary Q: Pinyin uses 25 of the 26 English letters. Which of the English letter is not used in Pinyin? IC Introduction (Pinyin)

22. Chinese Tones • Four tones • Neutral tone A neutral tone is pronounced briefly and softly, and the pitch value is determined by the stressed syllable e.gMāma ‘mother’-- when occurs after the first tone, the tone value is 2 IC Introduction (Pinyin)

23. Tone marks • Four tones First tone (¯) 1 Second tone (´) 2 Third tone (ˇ) 3 Fourth tone (ˋ) 4 • Neutral tone 0/5 No tone marks on the neutral tone IC Introduction (Pinyin)

24. Four Tones and Neutral Tone mā má mǎ mà ma 妈麻 马骂 吗 mother flex horse curse Particle IC Introduction (Pinyin)

25. Tone Marks • Tone basically marks on the main vowel of a syllable. • Main vowel sequence: a  o  e i  u ü Exception: when i and u are combined into a syllable, the tone marks on the second vowel e.giù , uì IC Introduction (Pinyin)

26. Pronunciations of initials and finals Finals a o e Online learning from Confucius Institute: http://kid.chinese.cn/pinyin/index.html IC Introduction (Pinyin)

27. Pronunciations of initials and finals Finals i u ü IC Introduction (Pinyin)

28. Pronunciations of initials and finals Initials mo fo bo po ne de te le ge ke he IC Introduction (Pinyin)

29. gēgedìdi a o e i u ü b p m f d t n l g k h • wǒnǐtā • kēgēhē • kūhūgū • bopo mo fo • lùlǜ • nǔnǚ • māmabàba IC Introduction (Pinyin)

30. ai ei ao ou Complex Finals an en ang eng ong IC Introduction (Pinyin)

31. qi ji xi Initials Q1: Do you know where did the name China come from? Q2: Do you understand why Mr. Xi and Mr. Xing have hard time living in the English speaking countries? IC Introduction (Pinyin)

32. Initials zi ci si IC Introduction (Pinyin)

33. Initials zhi chi shi ri IC Introduction (Pinyin)

34. aieiaoouan en ang eng ong j q x z c s zhchsh r • jīqīxī • shāzhāchā • sāzācā • zīcīsī • zhīchīshī • zècè • zhèchèshè • rèrùrì • nǐhǎo • lǎoshīhǎo • shàngkè • dǎkāishū • dǒngbùdǒng? • wǒbùdǒng • dǒng le • gēnwǒdú • hěnhǎo • qǐngwèn • zhèshìshén me? • nàshìshén me? • qǐngnǐgěiwǒ... • qǐngnǐgàosùwǒ..... IC Introduction (Pinyin)

35. Combination of finals iaiaoiei(o)u ian in iangingiong uauouai u(e)iuanu(e)n uangueng üeüanüner IC Introduction (Pinyin)

36. If there’s no initial before i, u, and ü, they are written as follows: • iiaiaoieiouianiang in ing = yiyayao ye you yan yang yin ying • u uauaiueiuanuanguenueng = wuwawaiwei wan wangwenweng • ü üeüanün = yuyueyuanyun IC Introduction (Pinyin)

37. The final 'iou' changes into the form 'iu' when spelt with an initial. • iou = iu • The final 'uei' changes into the form 'ui' when spelt with an initial. • uei = ui • The final 'uen' changes into the form 'un' when spelt with an initial. uen = un IC Introduction (Pinyin)

38. iaiaoiei(o)u ian in iangingiong uauouai u(e)iuan u(e)n uangueng • üeüanün • er • tóngxué • duìbúduì? • búduì / duì • qǐnggēnwǒshuō • wǒshuō, nǐmentīng • xiàkè • zuòyè • búcuò • zàishuōyíbiàn • …..zhōngwénzěnmeshuō? • ……. shìshénmeyìsi? • lóuluó • gōuguō • jiāqiāxiā • jiàoqiàoxiào • jiàngqiàngxiàng • jìngqìngxìng • juānquānxuān • juēquēxuē • jūnqūnxūn • guìkuìhuì • zhuōchuōshuō • ruò • érzièr How do I put tone marks on compound finals? Do you remember?

39. Initials and finals practice Pinyin song Pinyin Table and games Self Practice and Quiz IC Introduction (Pinyin)

40. Pinyin Spelling Rules • The seven groups of single syllables cover all types of spelling in Chinese pinyin. • Group 1 • The final 'iou' changes into the form 'iu' when spelt with an initial. • iou = iu • Group 2 • The final 'uei' changes into the form 'ui' when spelt with an initial. • uei = ui • Group 3 • The final 'uen' changes into the form 'un' when spelt with an initial. • uen = un IC Introduction (Pinyin)

41. Pinyin Spelling Rules (continued) • Group 4 • The finals in column ' ü ' should be spelt as 'u' when they are used with the initials 'j', 'q' and 'x', and also ' ü en' changes into 'un'. • j ü = ju • q ü = qu • x ü = xu • j ü en = jun • q ü en = qun • x ü en = xun • Group 5 • 'i' in the syllables 'zi', 'ci' and 'si' is not the common final 'i', but a blade-alveolar vowel. The pronunciations of the syllables 'zi', 'ci' and 'si' are the same as those of the initials 'z', 'c' and 's'. • zi = z • ci = c • si = s IC Introduction (Pinyin)

42. Pinyin Spelling Rules (continued) • Group 6 • 'i' in the syllables 'zhi', 'chi', 'shi' and 'ri' is not the common final 'i', but a blade-palatal vowel. The pronunciations of the syllables 'zhi' , • 'chi', 'shi' and 'ri' are the same as those of the initials 'zh', 'ch', 'sh' and 'r'. • zhi = zh • chi = ch • shi = sh • ri = r • Group 7 • When finals in the columns 'i', 'u' and ' ü ' make syllables themselves without preceding, they are written as follows: • i = y • u = w • ü = yu • To avoid confusion, an apostrophe is used to separate two syllables with connecting vowels. • nǚ' ér, xī' ān, tiān' ānmén

43. Tone Change • Rule 1: If a 3rd tone is followed by a 3rd tone, the first 3rd tone becomes second tone. nǐhǎo--> níhǎo (hello) xiǎocǎo-->-xiáocǎo (grass) lǎogǒu --> láogǒu (old dog) • Rule 2: If a 3rd tone is followed by any tone other than the 3rd tone (covered by rule 1) the 3rd tone changes to a "half 3rd tone." A "half 3rd tone" is one that falls, but does not rise. nǐbàbaduǒkāi IC Introduction (Pinyin)

44. Learn numbers through the Eye Exercise http://www.china.com.cn/info/zhuanti/brand/2009-08/06/content_18291467.htm IC Introduction (Pinyin)

45. Listen & Mark Tone Marks 6) Zhengqi 7) weixiao 8) shangfeng 9) xiangfan 10) liangxin 1) tongzhi 2) meili 3) qianjin 4) fujian 5) xingfu IC Introduction (Pinyin)

46. Learn the Rhyme - fill in finals, mark tone marks 1 2 3 4 5 Sh__ng Shan Da Lao H__ Lao Hu Da B__ Zh__ ___ Da Dao le Xiao Song Sh __ R__ngWoShu Yi Sh __ Yi __r San Si W __ IC Introduction (Pinyin)

47. Make Corrections 送        siòng西安    xian方案    fāngàn 小    shiǎo叫      giào决           jüé破           può IC Introduction (Pinyin)

48. Make Corrections 前进    jiánjièn文艺    uénì药店    yàodyàn月夜    üeiè 论文    luènuén对流    duèilioú女装   nǔzhūang IC Introduction (Pinyin)

49. yǒng é 咏 鹅骆 宾 王 luòbīnwáng é éé 鹅 鹅 鹅， qūxiàngxiàngtiāngē 曲 项 向 天 歌, báimáofúlǜshuǐ 白 毛 浮 绿 水， hóngzhǎngbōqīngbō 红 掌 拨 清 波. Learn this poem online http://v.youku.com/v_playlist/f3839422.html IC Introduction (Pinyin)