Chapter 1 Hazardous Materials Regulations , Definitions and Statistics

1. Chapter 1 Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics All presentation sources are used in accordance with the Multimedia Fair Use Guidelines and are not for copying and pasting by other users.

2. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Hazardous Materials Incident • Involves a substance that poses an unreasonable risk to; • People • The environment • Property

3. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Hazardous Materials Incident • May involve a substance • Product or chemical • Has been released from a container • Is on fire • May be the result of • Accidental spill • Deliberate attack • Terrorist attack

4. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • First Responder Roles • Responders must meet specific training standards • OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) • 29 CFR 1910.120 • HAZWOPER • Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) • Title 40 CFR311, Worker Protection

5. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • First Responder Roles • Responders must meet specific training standards • NFPA 471, Recommended Practice for Responding to Hazardous Materials Incidents • NFPA 472, Standard for Professional Competence of Responders to Hazardous Materials Incidents • NFPA 473, Standard for Competencies for EMS Personnel Responding to Hazardous Materials Incidents

6. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Awareness Level • May be the first to arrive at a hazardous materials incident • Must know basic hazards and response information • Must be able to analyze the incident to determine • Presence of hazardous materials • Notification process

7. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Awareness Level • OSHA and NFPA requirements • Individuals trained to awareness level are expected to assume the following responsibilities • Recognize the presence or potential presence of a hazardous material • Recognize the type of container at a site and identify the material in it if possible • Transmit information to an appropriate authority and call for appropriate assistance • Identify actions to protect themselves and others from hazards • Establish scene control by isolating/deny entry

8. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Operations Level • Individuals who respond to releases (or potential releases) of hazardous materials as part of their normal duties • Expected to protect individuals, the environment and property from the effects of the release • Using a defensive manner • Confine the release from a safe distance

9. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Operations Level • OSHA and NFPA requirements • Individuals trained to operations level are expected to assume the following responsibilities • Awareness level responsibilities • Identify the hazardous material(s) involved in an incident if possible • Analyze an incident to determine the nature and extent of problem • Protect themselves, nearby persons, the environment, and property from the effects of a release

10. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Operations Level • OSHA and NFPA requirements • Individuals trained to operations level are expected to assume the following responsibilities • Develop a defensive plan of action to address the problems presented by the incident (plan a response) • Implement the planned response to control a release from a safe distance • Initiate defensive actions to lessen the harmful incident and keep it from spreading • Mitigation • Evaluate the progress of the actions taken to ensure that response objectives are safely met

11. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Operations Level • Exceptions to the rule • Offensive tasks allowed for operations level responders • Must have appropriate training • Must show / demonstrate competency • Appropriate PPE • Adequate / appropriate resources • Sometimes referred to as • Operations Plus level of training

12. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Operations Level • Exceptions to the rule • Offensive operations involving flammable liquid and gas fire control of the following materials: • Gasoline • Diesel fuel • Natural gas • Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)

13. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Regulations and Definitions • In the U.S., the four main agencies involved in the regulation of hazardous materials and / or wastes at the federal level are • Department of Transportation (DOT) • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) • Department of Labor (DOL) • Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC)

14. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Regulations and Definitions • Department of Transportation (DOT) • Title 49 (Transportation) CFR • Sometimes referred to as Hazardous Materials Regulations or HMR • Address the transportation of hazardous materials in all modes: • Air • Highway • Pipeline • Rail • Water

15. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Regulations and Definitions • Department of Transportation (DOT) • Hazardous materials regulations purpose • Provide adequate protection against the risks to life, property and the environment inherent in transporting hazardous materials

16. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Regulations and Definitions • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) • Responsible for researching and setting national standards for a variety of environmental programs • It delegates the responsibility for issuing permits, monitoring and enforcing compliance to states and tribes

17. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Regulations and Definitions • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) • Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) • Superfund Act • Enacted by congress on December 11, 1980 • Created a tax on chemical and petroleum industries • Provided broad federal authority to respond directly to releases or threatened releases that endanger public health or environment

18. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Regulations and Definitions • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) • Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) • Superfund Act • $1.6 billion dollars was collected over 5 years • Tax went to a trust fund and used for • Cleaning up abandoned or uncontrolled hazardous waste sites

19. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Regulations and Definitions • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) • Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) • Established prohibitions and requirements concerning closed and abandoned hazardous waste sites • Provided for liability of persons responsible for releases of hazardous waste at these sites • Established a trust fund to provide for cleanup when no responsible party could be identified

20. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Regulations and Definitions • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) • Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) • Amended CERCLA on October 17, 1986 • Reflected the EPA’s experience in administering the Superfund program

21. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Regulations and Definitions • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) • Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) • Stressed the importance of permanent remedies and innovative treatment technologies in cleaning up hazardous waste sites • Provided new enforcement authorities and settlement tools • Increased the state involvement in every phase of the Superfund program

22. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Regulations and Definitions • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) • Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) • Increased the focus on human health problems posed by hazardous waste sites • Encouraged greater citizen participation in making decisions on how sites should be cleaned up • Increased the size of the trust fund to $8.5 billon

23. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Regulations and Definitions • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) • Environmental Protection and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA) • Title III of SARA • Enacted by Congress • Law designed to protect public health, safety, and the environment form chemical hazards • Required each state to appoint a State Emergency Response Commission (SERC) • Emergency planning districts • Local emergency planning committee • LEPC

24. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Regulations and Definitions • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) • Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) • Gave EPA authority to control hazardous waste from the Cradle-to-the-Grave • Includes • Generation • Transportation • Treatment • Storage • Disposal of hazardous waste

25. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Regulations and Definitions • Department of Labor (DOL) • Responsible for overseeing U.S. labor laws • 1970 Congress passed the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSH) • 1971 Occupational Safety and Health Administration was created (OSHA) • Oversee compliance with the Act under the jurisdiction of the DOL

26. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Regulations and Definitions • Department of Labor (DOL) • Hazardous Communications Standard (HCS) • Information about chemical hazards and associated protective measures is disseminated to workers • MSDS

27. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Regulations and Definitions • Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) • Regulates • U.S. commercial nuclear power plants • Civilian use of nuclear materials • Possession, use, storage and transfer of radioactive materials

28. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Regulations and Definitions • Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) • Includes • Radiation dose limits for workers and members of the public • Requirements for monitoring and labeling of radioactive materials • Requirements for posting of radiation areas • Requirements for reporting the theft or loss of radioactive materials • Tables of individual radionuclide exposure limits

29. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Emergency Response Centers • Centers staffed with experts who can provide 24-hour assistance to emergency responders • U.S. has several non-governmental centers • Chemical Transportation Emergency Center (CHEMTREC) • Established by the chemical industry • Refer to your Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG) • Contains a full list of emergency response centers and their current telephone numbers

30. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Hazardous Materials Incident Statistics • Hazardous materials incidents • Not infrequent • All emergency first responders will have to deal with a hazardous material sometime in their career • So common that there are seven different U.S. government databases dedicated to tracking them

31. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics • Hazardous Materials Incident Statistics • Hazardous materials incidents • Many incidents occur while hazardous materials are being transported • Majority occur while being transported via highway • Fixed facilities • Pipeline accidents lead the list • Crude oil

32. Hazardous Materials Regulations, Definitions and Statistics Works Cited “Hazardous Materials for First Responders” International Fire Service Training Association 3rd Edition 2004 Print