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USH 18:1 Civil Rights Movement

USH 18:1 Civil Rights Movement. Origins of the Movement Rosa Parks Refused to give up seat on bus NAACP used her case to take “Separate but Equal” ( Plessy v Ferguson, 1896) doctrine down “Jim Crow Laws” Laws segregating (separating) whites and African-Americans. Court Challenges.

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USH 18:1 Civil Rights Movement

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  1. USH 18:1 Civil Rights Movement • Origins of the Movement • Rosa Parks • Refused to give up seat on bus • NAACP used her case to take “Separate but Equal” (Plessy v Ferguson, 1896) doctrine down • “Jim Crow Laws” • Laws segregating (separating) whites and African-Americans

  2. Court Challenges • Norris v Alabama (1935) • Alabama could not exclude African-Americans from juries • Morgan v Virginia (1946) • Segregation on interstate busses unconstitutional • Sweatt v Painter (1950) • State law schools had to admit qualified African-American candidates

  3. Brown v Board of Education • Thurgood Marshall • NAACP attorney • Linda Brown • Denied admission to her neighborhood school in Topeka, Kansas

  4. Brown v Board of Education • 1954-case goes to Supreme Court • Court ruled segregation in public schools unconstitutional • Violated “Equal Protection” clause • 14th Amendment of Constitution • Over-turned “separate but equal” • Plessy v Ferguson (1896)

  5. Southern Resistance • Supreme Court ordered school districts to desegregate with “deliberate speed” • Wording is vague • Many school districts move slowly • “Southern Manifesto” • 101 southern Congressmen • Court “abused its power” • Decision must be reversed

  6. Civil Rights Movement Begins • Montgomery Bus Boycott • African-Americans refuse to ride city busses • Elect Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., to lead boycott • African-American churches • Forums for discussion • Planning headquarters • Southern Christian Leadership Conference • Formed by Dr. King and church leaders • Challenged segregation wherever it existed

  7. Crisis in Little Rock • 9 African-American students try to register at a Little Rock, Arkansas, school • OrvalFaubus • Governor of Arkansas • Sent National Guard troops to stop students • Pres. Eisenhower sends troops to support students

  8. New Civil Rights Legislation • Civil Rights Act of 1957 • Protect rights of African-Americans to vote • Created a civil rights division in Dep’t of Justice • Created United States Commission on Civil Rights • SCLC launches campaign aimed at registering 2 million African-American voters

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