Chapter 4 – Cell Structure and Function in Bacteria and Archaea

1. Chapter 4 – Cell Structure and Function in Bacteria and Archaea Cell Size and Cell Basics Prokaryotic Cell Walls Cell Potpourri Prokaryotic Structures Prokaryotic Movement $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 FINAL ROUND

2. Topic 1:Cell Size and Cell Basics$100 Question True or False. A population of spherical cells with a diameter of 1 m will persist better in a nutrient-limiting environment than a population of spherical cells with a diameter of 5 m. a. true b. false ANSWER BACK TO GAME

3. Topic 1:Cell Size and Cell Basics$100 Answer True or False. A population of spherical cells with a diameter of 1 m will persist better in a nutrient-limiting environment than a population of spherical cells with a diameter of 5 m. a. true b. false BACK TO GAME

4. Topic 1: Cell Size and Cell Basics $200 Question Question: What is the name of a large sulfur bacteria that is nearly visible to the human eye? a. Nanobacteria b. Escherichia coli c. Epulopiscium fishelsoni d. Thiomargarita nambiensis ANSWER BACK TO GAME

5. Topic 1:Cell Size and Cell Basics $200 Answer Question: What is the name of a large sulfur bacteria that is nearly visible to the human eye? a. Nanobacteria b. Escherichia coli c. Epulopiscium fishelsoni d. Thiomargarita nambiensis BACK TO GAME

6. Topic 1:Cell Size and Cell Basics$300 Question Question: If you had a cell with the structures listed below, what would be the outermost layer of this hypothetical cell? a. peptidoglycan b. LPS c. slime layer d. cytoplasmic membrane ANSWER BACK TO GAME

7. Topic 1:Cell Size and Cell Basics $300 Answer Question: If you had a cell with the structures listed below, what would be the outermost layer of this hypothetical cell? a. peptidoglycan b. LPS c. slime layer d. cytoplasmic membrane BACK TO GAME

8. Topic 1: Cell Size and Cell Basics $400 Question Question: Gram-negative cells have _______________ and gram-positive cells do not. a. a periplasm b. peptidoglycan c. cytoplasmic membrane d. tetrapeptide side chains ANSWER BACK TO GAME

9. Topic 1: Cell Size and Cell Basics $400 Answer Question: Gram-negative cells have _______________ and gram-positive cells do not. a. a periplasm b. peptidoglycan c. cytoplasmic membrane d. tetrapeptide side chains BACK TO GAME

10. Topic 1: Cell Size and Cell Basics $500 Question Question: A mixed culture was Gram stained. The gram-negative cells in this picture are _______________ shaped. a. bacillus b. coccus c. spirillum d. filamentous ANSWER BACK TO GAME

11. Topic 1: Cell Size and Cell Basics $500 Answer Question: A mixed culture was Gram stained. The gram-negative cells in this picture are _______________ shaped. a. bacillus b. coccus c. spirillum d. filamentous BACK TO GAME

12. Topic 2: Prokaryotic Cell Walls$100 Question Question: Which type of cell would be affected by lysozyme? a. a gram-positive bacterial cell b. Mycoplasma species c. Archaea d. all of the above ANSWER BACK TO GAME

13. Topic 2:Prokaryotic Cell Walls$100 Answer Question: Which type of cell would be affected by lysozyme? a. a gram-positive bacterial cell b. Mycoplasma species c. Archaea d. all of the above BACK TO GAME

14. Topic 2:Prokaryotic Cell Walls$200 Question Question: Which of the following is a function of peptidoglycan? a. regulation of the passage of nutrients into the cytoplasm b. creation of a gradient of protons (proton motive force) c. prevention of cell lysis d. breakdown of nutrients too large to transport across the membrane ANSWER BACK TO GAME

15. Topic 2: Prokaryotic Cell Walls$200 Answer Question: Which of the following is a function of peptidoglycan? a. regulation of the passage of nutrients into the cytoplasm b. creation of a gradient of protons (proton motive force) c. prevention of cell lysis d. breakdown of nutrients too large to transport across the membrane BACK TO GAME

16. Topic 2:Prokaryotic Cell Walls$300 Question Question: Approximately what percentage of the gram-positive cell wall is composed of peptidoglycan? a. 10% b. 50% c. 90% d. 100% ANSWER BACK TO GAME

17. Topic 2:Prokaryotic Cell Walls$300 Answer Question: Approximately what percentage of the gram-positive cell wall is composed of peptidoglycan? a. 10% b. 50% c. 90% d. 100% BACK TO GAME

18. Topic 2:Prokaryotic Cell Walls$400 Question Question: What aspects of the peptidoglycan are responsible for its strength? a. the beta 1,4-glycosidic bonds and the techoic acids b. the beta 1,4-glycosidic bonds and the cross links that connect the chains of peptidoglycan c. the peptide bonds in the tetrapeptide side chains and the techoic acids d. the ester linked phosphlipids ANSWER BACK TO GAME

19. Topic 2:Prokaryotic Cell Walls$400 Answer Question: What aspects of the peptidoglycan are responsible for its strength? a. the beta 1,4-glycosidic bonds and the techoic acids b. the beta 1,4-glycosidic bonds and the cross links that connect the chains of peptidoglycan c. the peptide bonds in the tetrapeptide side chains and the techoic acids d. the ester linked phosphlipids BACK TO GAME

20. Topic 2:Prokaryotic Cell Walls$500 Question Question: Ketodeoxyoctonate (KDO) is a sugar found in _______________. a. peptidoglycan b. capsules c. lipopolysaccharide d. S layer ANSWER BACK TO GAME

21. Topic 2:Prokaryotic Cell Walls$500 Answer Question: Ketodeoxyoctonate (KDO) is a sugar found in _______________. a. peptidoglycan b. capsules c. lipopolysaccharide d. S layer BACK TO GAME

22. Topic 3:Cell Potpourri$100 Question Question: What portion of the gram-negative cell wall is toxic? a. peptidoglycan b. O-polysaccharide c. phospholipid d. lipid A ANSWER BACK TO GAME

23. Topic 3:Cell Potpourri$100 Answer Question: What portion of the gram-negative cell wall is toxic? a. peptidoglycan b. O-polysaccharide c. phospholipid d. lipid A BACK TO GAME

24. Topic 3:Cell Potpourri$200 Question Question: The energy source used by lac permease to transport lactose across the plasma membrane is _______________. a. ATP b. a phosphorylated substrate c. proton motive force d. photons from sunlight ANSWER BACK TO GAME

25. Topic 3:Cell Potpourri$200 Answer Question: The energy source used by lac permease to transport lactose across the plasma membrane is _______________. a. ATP b. a phosphorylated substrate c. proton motive force d. photons from sunlight BACK TO GAME

26. Topic 3:Cell Potpourri$300 Question Question: Which transport system is characterized as having transport proteins with extremely high substrate affinity? a. the ATP binding cassette transport system b. lac permease system c. phosphotransferase (group translocation) d. translocase system ANSWER BACK TO GAME

27. Topic 3:Cell Potpourri$300 Answer Question: Which transport system is characterized as having transport proteins with extremely high substrate affinity? a. the ATP binding cassette transport system b. lac permease system c. phosphotransferase (group translocation) d. translocase system BACK TO GAME

28. Topic 3:Cell Potpourri$400 Question Question: A similarity between pseudomurein and peptidoglycan includes _______________? a. beta-1,3 glycosidic bond b. N-acetylglucosamine c. presence of only L stereoisomer amino acids d. LPS ANSWER BACK TO GAME

29. Topic 3:Cell Potpourri$400 Answer Question: A similarity between pseudomurein and peptidoglycan includes _______________? a. beta-1,3 glycosidic bond b. N-acetylglucosamine c. presence of only L stereoisomer amino acids d. LPS BACK TO GAME

30. Topic 3:Cell Potpourri$500 Question Question: Gram-positive cells cannot store sulfur granules because _______________. a. gram-positive bacteria lack a periplasm b. the sulfur granules cannot pass through the peptidoglycan of a gram-positive bacterium c. gram-positive cells are too small d. they don’t transport sulfur into the cell ANSWER BACK TO GAME

31. Topic 3:Cell Potpourri$500 Answer Question: Gram-positive cells cannot store sulfur granules because _______________. a. gram-positive bacteria lack a periplasm b. the sulfur granules cannot pass through the peptidoglycan of a gram-positive bacterium c. gram-positive cells are too small d. they don’t transport sulfur into the cell BACK TO GAME

32. Topic 4:Prokaryotic Structures $100 Question Question: A slime layer or capsule helps a cell to _______________. a. prevent osmotic lysis b. transport nutrients c. disperse in a liquid environment d. make a biofilm ANSWER BACK TO GAME

33. Topic 4:Prokaryotic Structures $100 Answer Question: A slime layer or capsule helps a cell to _______________. a. prevent osmotic lysis b. transport nutrients c. disperse in a liquid environment d. make a biofilm BACK TO GAME

34. Topic 4:Prokaryotic Structures $200 Question Question: The structure labeled A is a _______________? a. flagella b. fimbriae c. pilus d. capsule A ANSWER BACK TO GAME

35. Topic 4:Prokaryotic Structures $200 Answer Question: The structure labeled A is a _______________? a. flagella b. fimbriae c. pilus d. capsule A BACK TO GAME

36. Topic 4:Prokaryotic Structures $300 Question Question: Sporulation in endopore-forming bacteria occurs when _______________? a. a key nutrient used by the organism becomes depleted b. the organism experiences elevated temperature c. the organism is exposed to antibiotics d. the environment surrounding the organism becomes very moist ANSWER BACK TO GAME

37. Topic 4:Prokaryotic Structures $300 Answer Question: Sporulation in endopore-forming bacteria occurs when _______________? a. a key nutrient used by the organism becomes depleted b. the organism experiences elevated temperature c. the organism is exposed to antibiotics d. the environment surrounding the organism becomes very moist BACK TO GAME

38. Topic 4:Prokaryotic Structures $400 Question Question: Which is a common genus of bacteria that forms endospores? a. Escherichia b. Staphylococcus c. Clostridium d. Streptococcus ANSWER BACK TO GAME

39. Topic 4:Prokaryotic Structures $400 Answer Question: Which is a common genus of bacteria that forms endospores? a. Escherichia b. Staphylococcus c. Clostridium d. Streptococcus BACK TO GAME

40. Topic 4:Prokaryotic Structures $500 Question Question: Which of the following is true about SASPs? a. they are acid soluble b. they can be used as an energy source c. they help protect DNA from UV light d. all of the above ANSWER BACK TO GAME

41. Topic 4:Prokaryotic Structures $500 Answer Question: Which of the following is true about SASPs? a. they are acid soluble b. they can be used as an energy source c. they help protect DNA from UV light d. all of the above BACK TO GAME

42. Topic 5:Prokaryotic Movement$100 Question Question: Which portion of the flagella is responsible for changing the direction of its rotation? a. mot proteins b. l-ring c. flagellin d. fli proteins ANSWER BACK TO GAME

43. Topic 5:Prokaryotic Movement $100 Answer Question: Which portion of the flagella is responsible for changing the direction of its rotation? a. mot proteins b. l-ring c. flagellin d. fli proteins BACK TO GAME

44. Topic 5:Prokaryotic Movement$200 Question Question: What happens when a motile cell with a chemotactic response senses a higher concentration of an attractant? a. its flagella spins faster b. the tumbles become less frequent c. the flagella switches the direction of rotation d. the tumbles become more frequent ANSWER BACK TO GAME

45. Topic 5:Prokaryotic Movement$200 Answer Question: What happens when a motile cell with a chemotactic response senses a higher concentration of an attractant? a. its flagella spins faster b. the tumbles become less frequent c. the flagella switches the direction of rotation d. the tumbles become more frequent BACK TO GAME

46. Topic 5:Prokaryotic Movement$300 Question Question: Aerotaxis refers to the movement toward or away from _______________. a. salt b. sugar c. oxygen d. water ANSWER BACK TO GAME

47. Topic 5:Prokaryotic Movement$300 Answer Question: Aerotaxis refers to the movement toward or away from _______________. a. salt b. sugar c. oxygen d. water BACK TO GAME

48. Topic 5:Prokaryotic Movement$400 Question Question: Which of the following uses gliding motility? a. Escherichia coli b. Cyanobacteria c. Rhodospirillum d. Pseudomonas ANSWER BACK TO GAME

49. Topic 5:Prokaryotic Movement$400 Answer Question: Which of the following uses gliding motility? a. Escherichia coli b. Cyanobacteria c. Rhodospirillum d. Pseudomonas BACK TO GAME

50. Topic 5:Prokaryotic Movement$500 Question Question: Which structure confers buoyancy on a cell and allows it to float up and down in a water column? a. flagella b. magnetosome c. polyphosphate d. gas vesicle ANSWER BACK TO GAME