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3.10 The Road to Persia

3.10 The Road to Persia. After the Peloponnesian War, Sparta tried to dominate the other Greek city-states like Athens did In reaction to this, new alliance were made against Sparta. The Rule of Sparta. For a brief time, Thebes defeated the Spartans and assumed Greek leadership

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3.10 The Road to Persia

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  1. 3.10The Road to Persia

  2. After the Peloponnesian War, Sparta tried to dominate the other Greek city-states like Athens did • In reaction to this, new alliance were made against Sparta The Rule of Sparta

  3. For a brief time, Thebes defeated the Spartans and assumed Greek leadership • It was able to do this with the advancements of new military tactics The Rule of Sparta

  4. Theban dominance endedwith the death of its bestgeneral • Opening the door for theMacedonians The Rule of Sparta

  5. The key figure in Macedonia in the battles with the Greeks was Philip the Great • As a hostage in Thebes for threeyears, he had learned the newtactics of the Thebans Philip of Macedonia

  6. He created a professional army with a strong cavalry and more flexible units on the battlefield • Philip was able to unite his country, and also defeat the Greeks at the Battle of Chaeronaea in 338 BCE Philip of Macedonia

  7. For the first time, all mainland Greeks were under the rule of a single leader • It is likely that Philip had planned on turning the Greeksagainst their old enemies thePersians, but Philip was killedby one of his own officersat a wedding celebration. Philip of Macedonia

  8. After Philip’s death, rule fell to his 20 year old son Alexander • He was a student of Aristotle and one of the most successful military leaders the world has known • In 334 BCE Alexander set out to conquer the Persians Alexander the Great

  9. He conquered as far east as India with a relatively small army of 35 000 foot soldiers • With the Persians defeated in 331 BCE all of the land and wealth of the Persians fell into Alexander’s hands • This was not enough Alexander the Great

  10. Alexander was determined to make a better empire out of all these foreign peoples • How did he do this? Alexander the Great

  11. He tried to make Greek culture and language a kind of common uniting force • He also respected the customs and laws of the peoples that he had conquered Alexander the Great

  12. Also encouraged all of the leaders of the conquered lands to help him rule the various parts of his empire Alexander died before his 33rd birthday due to an illness Alexander the Great

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