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Reconceptualising Tourism Policy: Comparative Perspectives on Knowledge and Development

This paper explores the need to rethink tourism policy by examining knowledge dynamics and comparative perspectives in European destinations. It discusses existing policies, identifies key features, and proposes knowledge-oriented improvement strategies.

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Reconceptualising Tourism Policy: Comparative Perspectives on Knowledge and Development

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  1. Re-conceptualising tourism policy Tourism policy and knowledge dynamics: Comparative perspectives Knowledge-based tourism policy strategies Tourism Policy and Knowledge Processes in Tourism DevelopmentPreliminary Results from aComparative Study of European Destinations • Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University, halkier@ihis.aau.dk

  2. RE-CONCEPTUALISINGTOURISM POLICY Widespread typologies (Fayos-Solá, Hall) • generational approach • boosterism, economic, community, sustainable • multi-dimensional ideal-types A certain unease • not with the sources but with application • discursive ‘game of labels’ • over-looking variation and contradictions

  3. RE-CONCEPTUALISINGTOURISM POLICY Points of departure • new institutionalism (North) • network theory (Rhodes) • discourse analysis (Åkerstrøm Andersen) • policy analysis (Hogwood, Hood) Point of reference • institutionalist approach to regional policy • H Halkier: Institutions, Discourse and Regional Development, Peter Lang 2006

  4. Organisation State/region Sponsoring Aims Socio- economic context DMO Targets Tourists Destination Strategy Instruments Competitors Resources Knowledge RE-CONCEPTUALISINGTOURISM POLICY Focus on three central relations • the destination and its political, social, economic contexts • the destination and its destination management organisation (DMO) • the DMO and it targets among firms, workforce, tourists, institutions

  5. Tourism policies comparedTOURISM CONTEXTS 1

  6. Tourism policies comparedTOURISM CONTEXTS 1 Individual-cultural Individual-natural Collective-cultural Collective-natural

  7. Tourism policies comparedTOURISM CONTEXTS 2 North DK Antalya Skaane Ruhr Achterhoek

  8. Tourism policies comparedSTRATEGIC AIMS Individual-cultural Individual-natural Collective-cultural Collective-natural

  9. Tourism policies comparedPOLICY TARGETS Individual-cultural Individual-natural Collective-cultural Collective-natural

  10. Tourism policies comparedPOLICY INSTRUMENTS Individual-cultural Individual-natural Collective-cultural Collective-natural

  11. Tourism policies comparedKNOWLEDGE IMPACT Individual-cultural Individual-natural Collective-cultural Collective-natural

  12. Tourism policies comparedCONCLUSIONS Existing policies key features: Across contexts • focus on development of new services • generally target critical resources • with important omissions (not-barking dogs) • instruments/networks knowledge intensive • growing importance of knowledge input/competences Rooms for knowledge-oriented improvement • networked DMOs • with local SMEs and extra-regional/international links • creative generation of market/trend intelligence • private partners and public knowledge institutions

  13. For draft written paper: halkier@ihis.aau.dk Read more about EURODITE: www.eurodite.bham.ac.uk Tourism Policy and Knowledge Processes in Tourism DevelopmentTheoretical reflections and preliminary Results from a Comparative Study of European destinations • Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University, halkier@ihis.aau.dk

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