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Go Figure!. Figurative Language. Language Types. We’re going to look at two types of language:. figurative language. and literal language . Recognizing Literal Language. Literal language is language that means exactly what is said. Most of the time, we use literal language.
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Go Figure! Figurative Language
Language Types We’re going to look at two types of language: figurative language and literal language Joyet 2004
Recognizing Literal Language Literal language is language that means exactly what is said. Most of the time, we use literal language. For Example: • If I tell you to sit down! • I mean it literally: “sit down,” as in: “sit in your seat now, please.”
What is figurative language? • Whenever you describe something by comparing it with something else, you are using figurative language.
I’m not suggesting we get into the freezer. To be figurative is to not mean what you say but imply something else. For example: If, I tell you: “let’s go chill!” Joyet 2004
Figurative continued “let’s go chill” … It has nothing to do with temperature. …means let’s relax together and do something fun. Joyet 2004
Types of Figurative Language • Imagery • Simile • Metaphor • Alliteration • Personification • Onomatopoeia • Hyperbole • Idioms
Onomatopoeia • The use of words that mimic sounds. Example: The firecracker made a loud ka-boom!
Onomatopoeia is the use of words whose sounds make you think of their meanings. For example; buzz, thump, pop. Many comic strips use onomatopoeia. Joyet 2004
Onomatopoeia Examples of the onomatopoeia: • Bang, went the gun! • Swooshwent the basketball through the hoop. Joyet 2004
Activity (Homework if not finished) • You will be given a list of onomatopoeia words and a sheet of paper. • You need to use 15 of the words on the list. Cut them out and place them wherever you would like on the sheet. • You need to use them in sentences. If you want to draw pictures with sentences then go for it. • Have Fun! Figurative Language is fun!
Personification • human characteristics are given to nonhuman things. Example: “The wind yells while blowing." The wind cannot yell. Only a living thing can yell.
You can personify objects: • The lights blinked in the distance. • The moon is a harsh mistress. • Your computer hates me. • You can personify concepts: • Time marches on. • It’s not nice to fool Mother Nature. • You can personify animals: • The birds expressed their joy. • The groundhog hovered indecisively
Examples: What do they mean? • The wind sang her mournful song through the falling leaves. • The microwave timer told me it was time to turn my TV dinner. • The video camera observed the whole scene. • The strawberries seemed to sing, "Eat me first!“ • The rain kissed my cheeks as it fell. • The daffodils nodded their yellow heads at the walkers. • The water beckoned invitingly to the hot swimmers. • The snow whispered as it fell to the ground during the early morning hours. • The china danced on the shelves during the earthquake. • The car engine coughed and sputtered when it started during the blizzard.
Partner Practice • You will be given an item to personify. • Write 1-2 sentences giving the item a ‘persons’ quality
Activity • You will get a feeling to personify. • Write a paragraph for each one. • Publish a copy.
Silly Silly is a class clown. He always stumbles into class late with a goofy grin on his face. His best friend is Jolly. Together he and Jolly see how much they can make their teacher, Grouchy, laugh. Silly wears polka dots and stripes to school. In his spare time Silly loves to hang out with his Uncle Chuckle.
Confused Confused is never on time because she can’t figure out what time it is! She is often lost. Her favorite food is…she doesn’t have one. Confused is friends with baffled and bewildered. She wears dresses to school and jeans and a tee shirt to dances. Confused spends most of her time trying to figure out her homework. It’s very frustrating being confused.
But on quiet days in May and June, When even the grasses on the dune Play no more their reedy tune, With his head between his paws He lies on the sandy shores, So quiet, so quiet, he scarcely snores. The Sea By James Reeves The sea is a hungry dog, Giant and grey. He rolls on the beach all day. With his hungry teeth and shaggy jaws Hour upon hour he gnaws The rumbling, tumbling stones, And ‘Bones, bones, bones, bones!’ The giant sea-dog moans, Licking his greasy paws. And when the night wind roars And the moon rocks in the stormy cloud, He bounds to his feet and snuffs and sniffs, Shaking his wet sides over the cliff, And howls and hollos long and loud.
An idiom is an expression that has a meaning apart from the meanings of its individual words. • It’s raining cats and dogs. Its literal meaning suggests that cats and dogs are falling from the sky. We interpret it to mean that it is raining hard. • To stick your neck out is to say or do something that is bold and a bit dangerous. A similar idiom that is used for slightly more dangerous situations is to "go out on a limb." In both idioms, the idea is that you put yourself in a vulnerable position. • To break the ice is to be the first one to say or do something, with the expectation that others will then follow. Another idiom that means something similar is "get the ball rolling.“ • To have a chip on one's shoulder is usually an expression to describe a person who acts, as you say, rudely or aggressively, but also in a manner that could be described as "aggressively defensive." The person seems always ready for a fight.
Idioms An expression that means something other than the literal meanings of its individual words.
Feel like a fish out of waterBe like a fish out of water Meaning: Feel uncomfortable because you are in an unfamiliar situation. If you feel like a fish out of water, you feel awkward or uncomfortable because you are in an unusual or unfamiliar situation. Example: I don't like going to the big parties they have. I always feel like a fish out of water there.Todd is a country boy raised in a small town in Northumberland and was like a fish out of water when he visited bustling London.
Simile • A figure of speech which involves a direct comparison between two unlike things, usually with the words like or as. Example: The muscles on his brawny arms are strong as iron bands.
Metaphor • A figure of speech which involves an implied comparison between two relatively unlike things using a form of be. The comparison is not announced by like or as. Example: The road was a ribbon wrapped through the dessert.
Hyperbole Is an exaggeration. It is an extreme way of saying something. Examples: • She’s said so on several million occasions. • We have a ton of homework. • I nearly died laughing. • I tried a thousand times.
Hyperbole • A hyperbole is often compared with a simile or a metaphor because it compares two objects. • A Hyperbole is comparing something “normal” to something really big or extreme. • Hyperboles are often used for a humorous effect.
Many jokes use hyperboles. • My dog is so ugly, we have to pay the fleas to live on him. • My best friend is so forgetful, I have to remind her what her name is. • My teacher is so old, she taught the cavemen how to make fire. • My friend was so honest, when he got locked in the grocery store he starved to death. • My sister has such long legs, she needs to sit in the backseat to drive.
Hyperbole Joke Competition • Mrs. White will give out the beginning to a joke. • Your group has 3 minutes to create the punch line using a hyperbole. • When the time is over each group will present their punch line. • The best joke gets a point, and has their joke displayed. • The team with the most points at the end of the contest doesn’t have homework.
Joke Guidelines • Jokes must be school appropriate. • Do not use people’s names. • Must use a hyperbole. • Jokes that don’t follow these 3 simple rules will be disqualified and have two homework assignments.
Alliteration • Repeated consonant sounds occurring at the beginning of words or within words. Example: She was wide-eyed and wondering while she waited for Walter to waken.
Imagery • Language that appeals to the senses. Descriptions of people or objects stated in terms of our senses. • • Sight • • Hearing • • Touch • • Taste • • Smell
Figurative Language Resources • Eye on Idioms (Online PPT) • Paint by Idioms(Game) • Alliteration or Simile?(Quiz) • Similes and Metaphors(PPT) • The Search for Similes, Metaphors, and Idioms(PPT) • Alliteration (PPT) • Onomatopoeia (PPT) • Personification (PPT) • Hyperbole (PPT) • Idioms (PPT) • Simile (PPT)
Teaching Similes and Metaphors • Alliteration Lesson Plan and Resources http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/1allitera.htm • Hyperbole- Lesson Plans and Resources http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/10lesson.htm • Idiom Lesson Plan http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/6lesson.htm • Imagery- Lesson Plans and Resources http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/imagery2.htm • Lesson Plan for Puns http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/5lesson.htm • Onomatopoeia- Lesson Plans and Resources http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/9lesson.htm • Personification Lesson Plans and Resources http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/7lesson.htm • Proverbs- Lesson Plans and Resources http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/proverbs2.htm
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