220 likes | 585 Views
The Old Regimes. History 103 The West and the World. Focus Questions. How did the concepts of “balance of power” and “reason of state” influence international relations in the eighteenth century? What were the causes and results of the Seven Years’ War?
E N D
The Old Regimes History 103The West and the World
Focus Questions • How did the concepts of “balance of power” and “reason of state” influence international relations in the eighteenth century? What were the causes and results of the Seven Years’ War? • Who were the main groups making up the European social order in the eighteenth century, and how did the conditions in which they lived differ both between groups and between different parts of Europe? • What was the relationship among intellectual, political, economic, and social changes in the eighteenth century?
DefiningCharacteristics • Reason vs Revelation • Secular • Deism • Empirical • Toleration • Freedom of Speech • Freedom of Press • Religious Freedom • Anti-clerical and anti-authoritarian • Emphasis upon Education • Equality before the Law • Cultural Relativism • Theory of Progress
The Spider and the Fly Class Structure Rigid System of Privilege Largely Agricultural Aristocrats and Clergy Growing Merchant Class
Mercantilism Psychology of Limited Wealth Amount of Wealth Fixed Bullion as Measure of Wealth Focus on State – Not Dynasty State Monopolies & Subsidies Role of Colonies Protectionism Jean-Baptiste Colbert 1619-1683 Finance Minister of France
Adam Smith 1723-1790 • The Wealth of Nations, 1776 • Economic Liberalism • laissez faire • The Hidden Hand • Theory of Progress
LIBERALISM • Political Liberalism • Economic Liberalism • Social Liberalism
Two Treatises Concerning Government 1689 A Letter Concerning Toleration 1690 John Locke 1632-1704
Jean-Jacques Rousseau 1712-1778 Discourse on the Arts and Sciences, 1750 Discourse on Inequality, 1754 The Social Contract, 1762 “The General Will”
LIBERALISM • Political Liberalism • Economic Liberalism • Social Liberalism
Louis XV, 1715-1774 Ruler of France, 1715-1774 Louis XV at Five Year of Age
Rise of Brandenburg-Prussia Hohenzollern Monarchs Frederick II, the Great 1712-1786 Frederick William I 1688-1740
Rise of Russia as a European Power Catherine the Great r. 1762-1796 Peter the Great r. 1682-1725
The Hapsburgs War of Austrian Succession 1740-48 Diplomatic Revolution, 1756 Seven Year’s War 1756-1763 Maria Theresa of Austria r. 1740-1780
II. Development of the Atlantic slave trade: What was the Atlantic world?
Development of the Atlantic slave trade: the triangle trade Europe: technology And military power Slave ship Slave revolt Americas: Land and minerals Africa: slaves