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pH and Titration

pH and Titration. Purpose. To “titrate” means to mix chemicals for the purpose of measuring one of the chemicals Acid/ Base titrations are done by mixing acids and bases. One is slowly added to the other until and “endpoint” is reached.

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pH and Titration

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  1. pH and Titration

  2. Purpose • To “titrate” means to mix chemicals for the purpose of measuring one of the chemicals • Acid/ Base titrations are done by mixing acids and bases. One is slowly added to the other until and “endpoint” is reached. • The “endpoint” often involves a rapid change in pH shown by an indicator • The “endpoint” occurs when moles acid = moles base • It is used to determine the moles or concentration of acid or base

  3. Some formulas…. • Neutralization: • Acid + Base  Salt + Water • Concentration X = moles X / Liter solution • rearranged: moles = C*V • When reacted completely (from stoichiometry) • Moles acid = moles base so… • CV (acid ) = CV (base)

  4. What it looks like…an example Slooooowly add base to the acid All the time measuring pH Base A pH probe can be used To measure the pH (in addition To the indicator) A buret containing a volume of base whose concentration is known AND pH meter The volume will increase a bit There will be a sudden change in pH The indicator will change color Acid Start with a known volume of acid (with an indicator added)

  5. What it looks like…graphing Start with a volume of acid… More Base Slowly add base… pH At the “endpoint”, the amount (moles) of acid = amount (moles) base pH rises Low pH More Acid Volume Base Added

  6. The important points • Initial volume of acid • Concentration of base • pH at initial volume of acid • pH at endpoint • Volume of base at endpoint pH at endpoint pH The endpoint Initial pH Volume Base Added

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