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Globalization

Globalization. and the Social Sciences. Getting “Friendly” .

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Globalization

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  1. Globalization and the Social Sciences

  2. Getting “Friendly”  In partners you are to go around the classroom and find as many items as possible that are from or are manufactured in different countries. The group that finds the most articles from different countries wins. Do not write down different articles if they are from a country that you already have. The object is to have the most countries represented not the most articles. Item/articleCountry 1.__________________________________ _____________________________ 2.__________________________________ _____________________________ 3.__________________________________ _____________________________ 4.__________________________________ _____________________________ 5.__________________________________ _____________________________ Etc…

  3. What is Globalization? • The coming together of regional, national, and continental organizations to integrate the entire world into one economic system • As a result, communities have not only seen economic changes, but changes to their culture, politics, environment, etc.

  4. Is globalization a good thing? Why or why not? In your notes do the following ‘T’ chart: Read articles: Plan to aid Africans… and They have McDonalds here too? Add to your chart any additional points.

  5. In partners; discuss the Globalization scenario and answer the questions. • American shoppers want the latest Spikey brand sneakers called Cheetahs. The demand is skyrocketing. The SpikeyCompany Executive tells the factory owner in China that they need to double production. • The factory owner hesitates, because he has just received a large fine from the government for dumping toxins from the factory into the nearby river. • The factory workers are organizing with an anti-sweatshop activist to demand higher wages, shorter hours, and safer conditions. • The Spikey Company Executive will move production to Vietnam, where the Cheetahs can be made cheaper and faster if the factory in China cannot meet demands. • Not wanting to lose Spikey’s business, the factory owner agrees to double production by having workers work longer hours.

  6. Discuss and Debrief • What are some the effects of globalization represented in this case?- Positive vs. Negative • What are the possible solutions to this problem?

  7. Global Village: The world is one large community in which all people are connected through technology (i.e. travel and communication) If the world is one large community, what does it mean to be a citizen of that community? • Global Citizenship is… • International trade and investment • A responsibility to protect the earth, its resources and fellow citizens • Focused on ensuring that every person on the planet is living a peaceful and adequate lifestyle • A responsibility to protect the human rights of people around the world

  8. VIDEO TED Talk - Gordon Brown: Wiring a web for global good

  9. Copy: How Do Social Scientists See Globalization? Anthropologists – concerned with the impact on culture as globalization is seen as accelerating the process of diffusion, which can lead to the deterioration of unique cultures, loss of language, etc.

  10. Anthropological Theories About Globalization Globalization Theory: Western companies gain control of global trade and thereby influence the whole world. Money flows to these companies from developing countries. Modernization Theory: Herbert Spencer (1820-1902) Colonial expansion is beneficial for “backward” regions of the world. Capitalist principals and entrepreneurial skills are learned through colonialism - modernize and advance a nation. Vs. Dependency Theory: Colonialism produced dependency on the West. Developing countries’ economies and eventually cultures were tailored to meet the needs of the West. Eg- small farms consolidated to produce cash crops = loss of subsistence farming World-System Theory: It is possible for developing countries to move away from Capitalist domination and vice versa. However, it is rare that this happens. Neo-Marxism Theory: Some non-Western countries rejected capitalism and set up their own systems of social and economic organization. These countries are only partially transformed and have not been as affected by globalization.

  11. Sociologists Sociologists are concerned with how globalization affects people’s activities and values and the effect on disparities between rich and poor. Many sociologists believe that globalization has caused the gap between the rich and the poor to grow… • Pressure for (higher) education – does everyone have access? • Transfer of power from governments to transnationals • Uneven distribution of resources TED - Hans Rosling: New Insights on Poverty, 2007

  12. Sociological Theories of Globalization Sociologists debate when globalization started and what caused it… Richard Robertson (1992): Globalization has been around for 2000 years: religions are transnational, environmental respect is practiced in all societies (except for unrestricted industrial expansion from 1820-1960) Anthony Giddens (1991): Globalization is a modern phenomenon that developed rapidly since 1950 because of advances in communication technologies Martin Albrow (1995): Globalization took off after the collapse of the USSR in 1990. Capital ($$$) was able to flow worldwide. Sociologists examine: As transnational corporations dominate the world’s economies they become more powerful than nations- how can nations look to change poverty when poverty benefits these companies?

  13. Psychologists – concerned with the impact on perception as globalization changes the way people view themselves and their communities TED - Freedom Rising - The new age of revolution

  14. Psychologists examine the following concepts: Perception: Process by which our brains try to make sense of incoming messages Selective Attention: The ability to focus on certain physical stimuli and exclude others Misperceptions: Errors in judgement So what are your perceptions… • Are we different or basically the same as Americans? • Is globalization positive or negative? • What’s better- a cultural mosaic or a melting pot? • Is our economy positively or negatively affected by the US? • Etc…

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