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Evaluation of Pre-Codia, a Computerized Reading Aid for Readers Suffering from Dyslexia (

Evaluation of Pre-Codia, a Computerized Reading Aid for Readers Suffering from Dyslexia (. Mikael Goldstein Migoli, Stockholm, Sweden mikael.goldstein@telia.com Gustav Öquist Dept. of Linguistics, University of Uppsala, Sweden gustav@stp.ling.uu.se

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Evaluation of Pre-Codia, a Computerized Reading Aid for Readers Suffering from Dyslexia (

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  1. Evaluation of Pre-Codia, a Computerized Reading Aid for Readers Suffering from Dyslexia( Mikael Goldstein Migoli, Stockholm, Sweden mikael.goldstein@telia.com Gustav Öquist Dept. of Linguistics, University of Uppsala, Swedengustav@stp.ling.uu.se Ingela LewaldStockholms DyslexiCentrum AB, Stockholm, Swedeningela@stockhomsdyslexicentrum.se

  2. Aspects of language processing to be a proficient readerPhonetic awarenessHow a sequence of letters, or graphemes, translate into phonemesMorphological awarenessHow sequences of phonemes make up morphemes, the smallest meaningful units of a word Important for understanding multisyllabic wordsWorking memoryEnables the reader to link words and sentences together into a meaningful discourse Mann, V. (1998). Language Problems: A Key to Early Reading Problems, in Learning about Learning Disabilities, Academic Press

  3. For dyslectics, the primary problem is: the conversion from letters to soundsor rather graphemes to phonemes Most languages does not have a one-to-one mapping between graphemes and phonemes; ships h i p [sh] [i] [p]

  4. Pre-Codia is supposed to ease the reading: Hyphenates words according to a morpheme-based segmentation

  5. Pre-Codia: Settings

  6. Experiment • Subjects: 16 dyslectics from grade 8-9 at Ängkärrsskolan, Stockholm, 11 boys and 5 girls • Text material: excerpts (app. 900 words) from the book Lord of the Flies (Swedish text) by William Golding • LIX value: 26-29 • Randomized balanced design • Training • Conditions: PreCodia screen presentation and paperback Morpheme-segmented Nonsegmented

  7. Parameter settings during Training

  8. Results: Objective metrics Reading speed PreCodia significantly slower: 107 wpm vs. 119 wpm Comprehension No difference Eight preferred Pre-Codia Five preferred text presented on paper Three were indifferent

  9. Results: Subjective ratings Perceiveddifficulty*, Perceived strain/effort*

  10. Discussion The decoding procedure is eased by changing Background colour/font colour Lager font size Increased line spacing Morpheme-based segmentation Perceived versus actual reading speed Word length at which morpheme-based segmentation starts Next step: Automatic morpheme- and syllable parser for Swedish Web interface for reading text

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