1 / 26

Livestock-Environment Interactions

Livestock-Environment Interactions. Why a concern ?. Causes: Increased industrial animal production More intensive use of local resources. Underlying causes: Increase demand for animal products Increase in animals Decrease of local resources. Impact of Production on Environment.

danton
Download Presentation

Livestock-Environment Interactions

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Livestock-Environment Interactions Why a concern ?

  2. Causes: Increased industrial animal production More intensive use of local resources Underlying causes: Increase demand for animal products Increase in animals Decrease of local resources Impact of Production on Environment

  3. Nutrient Flows, Risks & Benefits • Feed • Converted by Animals into • Products for Consumption and • Manure for Crop and Feed Production

  4. Nutrient Flows and Risks PRODUCTS FARM ANIMALS FEED MANURE CROPS DEGRADATION LOSSES POLLUTION CROP AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IN ISOLATION

  5. Nutrient Flows and Benefits PRODUCTS FARM ANIMALS FEED MANURE CROPS Nutrients Used Nutrients Saved Nutrients Saved CROP - LIVESTOCK INTEGRATION

  6. Land Water Air Vegetation Bio-diversity Genetic-diversity degradation, erosion pollution N, additives N and C emissions change in compostion loss of habitat loss of breeds Environmental impacts

  7. Technologies: Feed Availability Feed Quality Animal Health Human Health Risk Animal Bio-diversity Plant Bio-diversity Farm Productivity Policies: Knowledge Financial Property-rights Regulations Institutional reform Organisational Options OPTIONS

  8. Principal Livestock Systems GRAZING - nomadic - trans humance - sedentary MIXED - grazing - crop residues - cut and carry - feed from farm - external feed INDUSTRIAL - feed processing - farm production - product processing

  9. Grazing Systems • Nomadic Systems • Transhumance • Sedentary

  10. Nomadic Systems PRODUCTION - static / decreasing CONCERNS - degradation of vegetation - loss of bio-diversity - grazing conflicts in dry/ winter season OPTIONS - integration of mobile livestock systems in natural resource management of remote and dry/ winter grazing areas

  11. Transhumance PRODUCTION - stagnant / decreasing CONCERNS - degradation of vegetation - loss of bio-diversity OPTIONS - integration of trans humance in natural resources management - crop residues as feed source - cultivation of feed

  12. Sedentary PRODUCTION - stagnant / decreasing CONCERNS - expansion through deforestation - loss of bio-diversity - excessive burning OPTIONS - crop livestock integration - livestock - wild life integration - mixed crop livestock farming

  13. Mixed Systems • Mixed Communal Grazing • Mixed Crop Residues • Mixed Cut & Carry • Mixed Feed from Farm • Mixed External Feed

  14. Mixed Communal Grazing PRODUCTION - static / decreasing CONCERNS - land degradation through crop cultivation - pasture degradation through grazing OPTIONS - community management of communal pastures - feed production on farm - improved manure management

  15. Mixed Crop Residues PRODUCTION - static CONCERNS - land degradation through crop cultivation OPTIONS - land for feed production - more livestock - improved manure management - fertilisers for crop cultivation

  16. Mixed Cut & Carry PRODUCTION - static CONCERNS - competition for communal feed - declining soil fertility in areas of feed origin OPTIONS - land for feed production - improved manure management - external feed for livestock

  17. Mixed Feed from Farm PRODUCTION - static CONCERNS - declining soil fertility OPTIONS - external feed for livestock - fertilisers

  18. Mixed External Feed PRODUCTION - increasing CONCERNS - manure surplus and nutrient loss OPTIONS - improved manure management - integration with crop cultivation - mixed system as an alternative to industrial production

  19. Industrial Systems • Industrial Feed Processing • Industrial Livestock Production • Livestock Product Processing

  20. Industrial Feed Processing PRODUCTION - increasing CONCERNS - food for feed - nutrient import from areas of origin - fossil fuel requirements OPTIONS - move food and feed processing to areas of crop production - increase crop production - import components to improve quality

  21. Industrial Livestock Production PRODUCTION - increasing - feed from feed processing industry CONCERNS - pollution: poor manure management - feed additives and agro-chemicals - fossil fuel requirements production OPTIONS - improve & control manure management - move from (peri-) urban to rural areas - associate industrial livestock production with crop cultivation

  22. Livestock Product Processing PRODUCTION - increasing CONCERNS - pollution: poor waste management - fossil fuel requirements - use of agro-chemicals OPTIONS - improve & control waste management - move to producing areas - fair competition through import tax on livestock products

  23. TEPA • TRAINING • EXTENSION • PUBLIC AWARENESS

  24. TRAINING • TRAINERS and TRAINING CENTRE • ISSUES AND OPTIONS • TRAINEES: • livestock specialists • environmentalists • forest / pasture specialists (grazing systems) • crop specialists (mixed systems) • builders (industrial system)

  25. EXTENSION • PUBLIC • PRODUCER ORGANISATIONS • NON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATIONS • stakeholder participation • stakeholder organisation • communication • technologies • policies

  26. PUBLIC AWARENESS • PUBLIC & POLITICAL SUPPORT • Through: Media and Extension • On: Concerns, Policies, Technologies • Using: Positive examples • mitigating negative • enhancing positive impacts

More Related