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FIT & WELL

FIT & WELL. Introduction to Wellness, Fitness, and Lifestyle Management Chapter 1. CHOICES. Do the choices we make really impact our health and well-being? Consequences of our choices. What foods do you choose to eat? How much sleep do you choose to get?

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FIT & WELL

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  1. FIT & WELL Introduction to Wellness, Fitness, and Lifestyle Management Chapter 1

  2. CHOICES • Do the choices we make really impact our health and well-being? • Consequences of our choices. What foods do you choose to eat? How much sleep do you choose to get? How much physical activity do you engage in? How much time do you choose to study? We all have choices. What we do today, impacts tomorrow!

  3. WHAT IS HEALTH? • World Health Organization – “Health is a state of complete physical, emotional and social health, not merely the freedom from disease and illness.” Health can be described as a temporary state resulting from the ability of an individual to balance physical, mental, intellectual, social and spiritual dimensions in a way that makes him/her happy, satisfied and productive.

  4. HEALTH • Some aspects can be influenced by factors out of your control – genes, age, family history.

  5. WELLNESS • High level wellness is a dynamic approach to health enhancement that emphasizes positive health behaviors and preventive practices. • It is an ongoing process. A way of life. • IT IS LARGELY DETERMINED BY THE DECISIONS YOU MAKE!

  6. WELLNESS

  7. Components of Wellness • Emotional – Feelings, positive self-concept, optimism, trust, determination, dedication, persistence. Being emotionally healthy is handling life’s unexpected challenges and problems effectively. Negative emotions can affect the immune system. • Mental – Thoughts, sense of humor, ability to think critically, creativity, curiosity, openness to new ideas. The mind has a substantial influence over the body. • Social – Meaningful relationships, network of friends and family, friendly, compassionate, supportive, good listener. Socially healthy people can interact well with others. • Spiritual – Set of beliefs, principles, values that give meaning or purpose to life, faith in something beyond oneself. Spiritual health helps to achieve a sense of inner peace, confidence. • Physical – Cardiovascular health, body composition, strength, flexibility, endurance. Most often associated with physical health. • Occupational – Having a career or job that is satisfying, enjoyable. • Environmental – Safe surroundings, protection from noise, air, and water pollution, landfills.

  8. Leading Causes of Death – Then and Now • 1900’s – Average Life Expectancy in U.S. was 47 years old. • Causes of death – Acute diseases that were infectious, such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, influenza, diphtheria, polio, and kidney diseases. • TODAY – Average life expectancy is 77.8 years old. • Causes of death – Chronic diseases such as coronary heartdisease, cancer, strokes(#1,2,3), hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetes, emphysema, and cirrhosis of the liver. THESE ARE DISEASES RELATED TO LIFESTYLE BEHAVIORS! CHOICES WE MAKE!

  9. What Has Changed? • Decrease in physical activity. • Increase in food consumption and portion sizes. • Technology • Advancements in medicine ~ 55% of U.S. adults do not engage in the recommended amounts of physical activity. ~ 15% of Americans are not active at all.

  10. Adults ~ Drive to work. ~ Sit at computer. ~ Drive home. ~ Watch TV. 2004 Study by Centers for Disease Control – Women have increased daily caloric intake by 22% -1542 calories to 1877 calories. (1971-2000) Children ~ Surf the Internet. ~ Video games. ~ Motorized toys. ~ Watch TV. Men have increased their intake by 7%, from 2450 calories to 2618 calories, per day. Today’s Lifestyle

  11. FACTS • 67% of American adults are overweight or obese. • Health care expenditures have increased dramatically. • 1950, U.S. Health care costs were $12 billion. • 2002, U.S. Health care costs were $1.6 trillion. • U.S. spends more per person (about $5,317 in 2005) than any other industrialized nation. • For Americans, approximately the last 11 years of life are spent impaired.

  12. Where are we going?

  13. Lifestyle and Wellness • More time watching TV = increased risk of obesity and diabetes

  14. Lifestyle and Wellness • Cigarette smoking = increased risk of lung cancer

  15. Lifestyle and Wellness • Low intake of fruits and vegetables = increased risk of heart disease

  16. Healthy People 2010 • It is a set of objectives for the health of the nation to be achieved over the first decade of the new century. 2010 builds on initiatives that have been going on over the past two decades. It is designed to achieve two overall goals. • 1. Increase Quality and Years of Healthy Life • 2. Eliminate Health Disparities • We may think that the choices we make affect only ourselves, but the U.S. government also has an interest in the health of all Americans. A healthy population is the nation’s greatest resource, the source of its wealth and strength. On the other hand, a nation that is not healthy drains the nation’s resources and raises national health care costs.

  17. Benefits of Physical Activity

  18. BEHAVIOR CHANGE PLAN • Ability to change unhealthy behaviors comes from within. • Education and life’s experiences can assist us in the process to change. • Increase your awareness of the risks with certain behaviors, i.e. smoking, inappropriate use of drugs, alcohol, lack of attention to dietary needs, unsafe habits. LOCUS OF CONTROL The figurative “place” a person designates as the source of responsibility for the events in his or her life. Internal – A belief that you can make a difference and can control or positively influence your state of health and fitness. External – A belief that factors beyond your control are impacting and controlling your life. Heredity, family history, environment, fate, luck, friends, family.

  19. Pre-contemplation(I can’t or I won’t)– Resistant and unwilling to change behavior within the next 6 months. Contemplation (I may) – Considering change in the future. (<6 mo.) Preparation (I will) – Gathering information and getting ready to change in the immediate future (<1 mo.) Action (I am) – Actively attempting to change. This stage requires the greatest commitment of time and energy. Maintenance(I still am)– Actively living the changed behavior (<5 years) Termination – Maintained the changed behavior of over 5 years. TRANSTHEORETICAL MODELProchaska, 1979

  20. MAKING THE CHANGE • CHOOSE A Problem Behavior • LEARN Your Actions and Behaviors • ESTABLISH Personal Goals and Objectives • PREPARE a Plan of Action • IMPLEMENT Your Plan • REVALUATE and Modify Your Plan

  21. Tip of the Day! Change develops one step at a time! Make a commitment today to your total well being!

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