Podpora rozvoje cizích jazyků pro Evropu 21. stol.

1. Podpora rozvoje cizích jazyků pro Evropu 21. stol. INVESTICE DO ROZVOJE VZDĚLÁVÁNÍ Tento projekt je spolufinancován Evropským sociálním fondem a státním rozpočtem České republiky.

2. THE UK HISTORY 1

3. The Iberians • inhabited the British Isles in about 3000 BC • tribal organisation • race of hunters • knowledge of metalworking • knowledge of agricultural techniques

4. The Celts (900 BC – 55 BC) • divided into tribes under a chief • brave warriors – swords, spears, knives, chariots • worshipped many gods and offered human sacrifices; their priests were called druids • kept herds of cattle • made pottery

5. The Romans (55 BC – 450 AD) • Celtic revolts: Boadicea, queen of Iceni; attacks from the north - Hadrian’s Wall, the Wall of Antonius • Latin (British language still existed) • had influence on architecture and town planning (Bath) • built networks of roads

6. The Anglo-Saxons (450 AD – 1066 AD) • Celtic revival was followed by attacks from Germany • Angles, Saxons and Jutes settled on the east and south-east coasts and began to spread across the island • Britons (Celts) were driven to the west • the Anglo-Saxons divided England into seven kingdoms

7. The Viking Invaders and the Danes (8th – 11th century) • the Danes and the Norsemen (Vikings) attacked England • Alfred the Great was partly successful in stopping the Danes • “Danegeld” first imposed in 991 – a tax to pay the Danes to go away

8. The Viking Invaders and the Danes (8th – 11th century) • Danish King Canute ruled England from 1016 to 1035 • the Danes and the English lived more or less in peace • Canute’s sons weren’t able to rule and Edward the Confessor took power (son of previous Anglo-Saxon king)

9. The Normans (1066 – 1154) • William defeated Harold at the Battle of Hastings in 1066 and was crowned the King of England – Norman aristocracy, the French language • Domesday Book (1086): a survey of all things in the kingdom

10. Magna Carta • Note: Richard I, the Lion-Heart – Holy War • King John I, Lackland was forced to sign Magna Carta in 1215 • Magna Carta: restricted the power of the ruler, rights of barons and ordinary people

11. Hundred Years’ War (1338 – 1453) • dynastic struggle between Edward III and Philip VI of France – claim to the French crown • the English won the Battle of Crecy in 1346 (John of Luxemburg killed) and the Battle of Agincourt in 1415

12. Hundred Years’ War (1338 – 1453) • the French started to win when Joan of Arc got involved in the war; she got visions from God telling her to drive out the English • in 1429 she forced the English to lift the siege to Orléans

13. Hundred Years’ War (1338 – 1453) • the Battle of Castillon in 1453 is considered the last battle of the Hundred Years' War • the English practically lost their power in France (except Calais)

14. The Wars of the Roses (1455–1487) • the House of York: red rose • the House of Lancaster: white rose • both noble houses wanted the crown

15. The Wars of the Roses (1455 - 1487) • the last battle of the war was the Battle of Bosworth Field in 1485 • Richard III (York) was killed and Henry Tudor (Lancaster) became King Henry VII • Henry Tudor married Elizabeth of York and the two houses were joined

16. The Tudors (1485 – 1603): Henry VIII • Henry VIII established the Church of England in 1534 – wanted to divorce Catherine of Aragon (no son) • Henry VIII had six wives, two of them were executed – Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard • Henry VIII had tree children – Mary I (Bloody Mary), Elizabeth I and Edward VI

17. The Tudors (1485 – 1603): Elizabeth I • Elizabeth I and Elizabethan Age: prosperity of England • enforced the Protestant religion by law • conflict with Roman Catholic Spain (Philip II): in 1588 the defeated

18. INVESTICE DO ROZVOJE VZDĚLÁVÁNÍ Tato výuková prezentace byla pořízena z finančních prostředků hrazených Evropským sociálním fondem a rozpočtem České republiky. Tento projekt je spolufinancován Evropským sociálním fondem a státním rozpočtem České republiky.