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Chapter 2: First White Settlers. Francisco Coronado is thought to be the 1 st European explorer into OK in 1540 Some believed Vikings were the first, almost 500 years before. They found runes carved into stone near Heavener, OK
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Francisco Coronado is thought to be the 1st European explorer into OK in 1540 • Some believed Vikings were the first, almost 500 years before. They found runes carved into stone near Heavener, OK • Spaniards were confident that Coronado would find the “Seven Cities of Cibola”; never found this city of gold.
Spaniards • Known as “Conquistadors” • All strangers were enemies • Thought they were invincible • Greedy for gold • Advantages over Indians • Guns, horses, wagons • Most important contribution was the horse; this changed the life of western Indians
Spaniards con’t • Friar Juan de Padilla- went to establish a mission among the Tattooed people • Hernando de Soto- his expedition started in Florida • Don Juan de Onate- Formed the last major expedition into OK.
Other Explorers • French- were more focused on trading, land, and furs. Not as hostile as the Spaniards • LaSalle and LaHarpe were part of French expeditions.
Cultural Exchanges • Interactions between explorers and Indians had some positives: • Explorers taught metalcraft, heating metal into shapes (blacksmith) • Traded items like guns, horses, etc • Indians learned about the wheel • Many diseases were transferred between the two groups. Indians suffered more.