Class 4 ANOVA; Writing, Regression

1. Class 4 ANOVA; Writing, Regression Corkin et al. (2008), P&B 6, Linear Regression Handout

2. Factorial Designs • Independent Variables: Categorical • Experimental Design: • Manipulated IVs --e.g. treatment groups • Expo Facto Design • Status IVs: • gender; ethnicity; depression diagnosis • Dependent Variables • Continuous

3. Corkin et al. Article • Research Questions • Literature Review • Analyses

4. Corkin et al. Research Questions • Explore the factor structure of a Spanish version of the CDS • Examine the relation of trait anxiety to the (four) identified dimensions of career indecision. • Explore differences in anxiety and career indecision dimensions among (a) gender groups and (b)three career decision groups

5. IDs and DVs – Question C • IDVs: • Gender • Male • Female • Career Decision Satisfaction Gs • Satisfied • Satisfied/Doubts • Undecided • DVs: Career Indecision D. • Lack of Structure • Lack of Support • Approach-Approach • Barriers • Trait Anxiety

6. Corkin et al. Research Questions • Explore the factor structure of a Spanish version of the CDS • Type of Question: • IVs • DVs • Research Design: • Analysis:

7. Corkin et al. Research Questions • Explore the factor structure of a Spanish version of the CDS • Type of Question: Descriptive • IVs • DVs • Research Design: Data Reduction • Analysis: Factor analysis

8. Corkin et al. Research Questions • Examine the relation of trait anxiety to the (four) identified dimensions of career indecision. • Type of Question: • IVs: • DVs: • Research Design: • Analysis

9. Corkin et al. Research Questions • Examine the relation of trait anxiety to the (four) identified dimensions of career indecision. • Type of Question: Relation • IVs:career indecision; continuous • DVs: trait anxiety; continuous • Research Design: correlational • Analyses: correlation coefficient

10. Corkin et al. Research Questions • Explore differences in anxiety and career indecision dimensions among (a) gender groups and (b)three career decision satisfaction groups • Type of Question: • IVs: • DVs: • Research Design: • Analysis

11. Corkin et al. Research Questions • Explore differences in anxiety and career indecision dimensions(CID) among (a) gender groups and (b)three career decision satisfaction groups • Type of Question: Difference/ Association • IVs:Categorical • Gender groups • C Decision Satisfaction groups: • Possible: C Decision Groups X Gender • DVs: Anxiety (1) and C Indec. Dimensions (4): Continuous • Research Design: Expo-facto, factorial design • Analysis: MANOVA; follow up ANOVAs; Pair wise C.

12. Study ‘s Logical FrameworkWhat is known about: • Career indecision and anxiety…… • Dimensions(antecedents) of career indecision (4) ……. • Sub-groups of career decided students--satisfied vs. not satisfied vs. undecided……

13. It is known that…. • Positive relation of career indecision to anxiety. • Dimensions(antecedents) of career indecision may relate in different ways to anxiety. (Lack of Sup, Lack of Struct., App-App, Barriers) • Sub-groups of career decided students-- decided vs.decided/doubtsvs. undecided – differ in anxiety and in four antecedents of career indecision scores (4 dimensions of CI).

14. It is not known that…..

15. It is not known that….. • To what extent what is known from research with college students in the US, using instruments in English will be consistent with findings among college students in Puerto Rico using the Spanish version of instruments. Rational: Puerto Ricans migrate frequently back and forth from PR to the USA mainland.

16. Corkin et al. Research Questions • Examine the relation of trait anxiety to the (four) identified dimensions of career indecision. • Hypotheses: Dimensions of CI (pp. 83-85) • Lack of Structure • Lack of Support • Approach-Approach • Barriers • Analysis:

17. Corkin et al. Research Questions • Examine the relation of trait anxiety to the (four) identified dimensions of career indecision. • Hypotheses: Dimensions of CI • Lack of Structure + relation • Lack of Support + relation • Approach-Approach No relation • Barriers + relation • Analysis: Pearson Correlation Coefficients

18. Table 2: Correlations of CDS Factor Scores and Trait Anxiety Factors 1 2 3 4 1. Lack of Structure 2. Lack of Support .49** 3. Approach–Approach .55** .41** 4. Perceived Barriers .52** .37** .41** 5. Trait Anxiety .35** .21** .34** .28** ** p<.01

19. Question C: Differences in anxiety (1) and career indecision dimensions (4) among : IVs Gender Male, Female Career Dec. Satisfaction groupsDecided, Decided/Doubts, Undecided DVs: Anxiety Career Indecision Dimensions: 1.Lack of support 3. Lack of structure 2. Perceived Barriers 4. Approach/Approach

20. MANOVA 2 x 3 – 5 DVs (1)

21. MANOVA 2 x 3 – 5 DVs (2)

22. Results MANOVA • There were statistically significant differences for: • gender, Pillai’s Trace = .056, F(5, 310) = 3.68, p < .01, multivariate h2= .06, and for • career decidedness groups, Pillai’s Trace = .457, F(10, 622) = 18.43, p < .001, multivariate h2 = .23. • The two-way interactions of each career decision satisfaction subgroups x gender were not statistically significant (article p. 88 bottom right)

23. 2 x 3 ANOVAs Table

24. 2 x 3 ANOVA • Two Dependent Variables • Gender – 2 Levels - • Male Female • Career Decidedness Groups – 3 Levels • Decided – Well Satisfied • Decided- With Doubts • Undecided

25. Question C: Main Effects- Five 2 x 3 ANOVA

26. ANOVA Table: Anxiety

28. BonferroniCorrection • p< .003 .05/15 = .003 Control for Type I error

29. Question C: Main Effects- Five 2 x 3 ANOVA

30. Interaction Effects- Gender as Moderator Repeat Analyses for each gender

31. Guideline 6.21 • Doe (2010) reported that a major source of dissatisfaction among teachers appears to be the low social status accorded to their profession. • A major source of dissatisfaction among teachers appears to be the low social status accorded to their profession (Doe, 2010)