1 / 20

Lower Back Pain

Lower Back Pain . Dr Angela Jenkins ST3 Anaesthetics 10 th September 2008. Introduction. Epidemiology Presentation Investigations Management Conclusions. Epidemiology. Incidence - Lifetime prevalence 60-85% - Peak incidence age 40-60y - No difference between male and female

darby
Download Presentation

Lower Back Pain

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Lower Back Pain Dr Angela Jenkins ST3 Anaesthetics 10th September 2008

  2. Introduction Epidemiology Presentation Investigations Management Conclusions

  3. Epidemiology Incidence - Lifetime prevalence 60-85% - Peak incidence age 40-60y - No difference between male and female - More common in heavy, manual occupations - Increased incidence in smokers

  4. Epidemiology • Impact on Society • Approx 52 million working days lost per annum • 500 000 people receive Incapacity Benefit • £481 million pa cost to NHS • £5 billion pa cost to society • 50% chance of returning to work after 6 months absence

  5. Impact on NHS

  6. Transition from Acute to Chronic Pain • Risk factors: • Signs of nerve root involvement • Ongoing compensation claim • Long time off work • Psychological distress +/- depression • Poor physical fitness • Heavy smoking

  7. Presentation Simple musculoskeletal pain (95%) Spinal nerve root pain (4-5%) Serious spinal pathology (~1%)

  8. Musculoskeletal Back Pain Mechanical in nature Age 20 – 55 years Pain in lumbosacral area and buttocks Referred into upper thighs Dull ache, varies with activity Otherwise physically well

  9. Musculoskeletal - Causes Discogenic pain Sacroiliac Joint pain Facet Joint pain Ligament and Muscle pain

  10. Nerve Root Pain Well localised, sharp, electric shock-like Dermatomal radiation down leg into foot Neuropathic element worse than back pain May have paraesthesia +/- loss of reflexes Exacerbated by coughing, straining, sneezing Nerve root pain with SLR test

  11. Nerve Root - Causes Posterior Disc Herniation Spinal Stenosis Epidural Adhesions

  12. Serious Spinal Pathology • Differential Diagnosis • Spinal tumours / myeloma • Infection • Trauma • Inflammatory disease • Cauda Equina Syndrome • AAA • Retroperitoneal fibrosis

  13. Serious Spinal Pathology • ‘Red flag markers’ • Age <20y or >55y • Constant / progressive pain • Acute onset in the elderly • H/O tumour • Fever / night sweats • Immunosuppression / HIV • Recent bacterial infection • Acute neurological symptoms • Unexplained weight loss • Systemically unwell

  14. Serious Spinal Pathology • Examination • Tenderness on SI springing • Multiple nerve root signs • Dissociative signs • Symmetrical limitation of SLR • Signs of lower limb ischaemia • Abdominal mass

  15. Investigations • Radiology • X-ray, CT, MRI, isotope bone scan • Blood tests • FBC, ESR, Ca, plasma viscosity • Nerve conduction studies • Diagnostic nerve blocks

  16. Management • Aims: • Improve pain • Optimise physical, psychological and social functions

  17. Management • Pharmaclogy • NSAIDs • Anti-depressants • Anti-convulsants • Opioids • Anti-spasmodics • Psychology • CBT • Pain management programmes

  18. Management Physiotherapy TENS Accupuncture Injections Radiofrequency Lesioning Spinal Cord Stimulation Surgery

  19. Conclusions Consequences may be more problematic than the pain itself Huge cost to society and NHS Multiple presentations / causes Must exclude serious pathology Multi-disciplinary management

  20. ?

More Related