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America's Struggle for Independence: War Highlights

Explore pivotal battles like Lexington & Concord, Bunker Hill, Saratoga, and Yorktown that shaped America's fight for independence. Learn about Patriots, Loyalists, key figures like George Washington, and the crucial role of women and African Americans. Witness the perseverance at Valley Forge and the significance of the Treaty of Paris.

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America's Struggle for Independence: War Highlights

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  1. Chapter 6.1 Notes The War Begins

  2. Choosing Sides A. Patriots – Americans who supported Independence 1. Strengths - Fought for their land & lives & freedom (Motivation) - Knowledge of their land - Leadership (George Washington) B. Loyalists (Tories) – Remained loyal to Britain and opposed the war for independence 1. Strengths - Strongest navy in the world - Experienced, well trained army - Wealth…Strongest empire in the world - 4X more citizens - Mercenaries: hired soldiers (ability to buy them)

  3. Building an Army • A. Continental Army • 1. Individual colonies recruited soldiers • 2. General – George Washington • Helping in the Fight • A. Women (cared for wounded, cooked meals, made uniforms, etc.) • 1. Margaret Corbin (aka. Molly Pitcher) • B. African Americans • 1. Aprx. 5,000 served for the Patriots • 2. Had their own regiments • Important Battles • A. 1st Battle: Lexington & Concord • 1. “Shot heard ‘round the world” • 2. No clear victor • B. Bunker Hill • 1. British victory • 2. However…they sustained heavy losses (1,000 dead/wounded)

  4. C. Battle of Long Island • 1. First decisive British victory • 2. Nathan Hale – “I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country.” • D. Battle of Trenton, NJ • 1. Colonial troops crossed the Delaware River and surprised the British. • 2. American Victory • E. Battle of Saratoga • 1. American Victory • 2. Turning point in the war. • - The victory convinced other nations to help the colonists, b/c they believed the colonists could win (France/Spain)

  5. F. Winter at Valley Forge • 1. 20 miles West of Philadelphia • 2. Lacked food, clothing, shelter, and medicine • 3. Continental Army almost fell apart • G. Battle at Yorktown • 1. Siege: A military blockade of a city or fortress with the intent of conquering by attrition or assault. • 2. Continental Army surrounded Yorktown by land with help from French ships by sea. • - British Gen. Cornwallis surrendered on Oct. 19, 1781 • - 14,000 American/French troops defeated 8,000 British • 3. Treaty of Paris • - Sept. 3, 1783 • - Ben Franklin, John Jay, and John Adams (representatives) • - See map for new boundaries

  6. Battle of Yorktown

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