Classical Art

1. Classical Art Greece and Rome 1300B.C.-500A.D.

2. Assignment 3/20 Happy Easter!!! • Trace egg shape on paper • Cut out • Decorate using your choice of the following media: markers, colored pencils, water color, construction paper • How to draw sheets on rabbits, chicks, lambs, and birds available

3. Baths 2.groin vault 3. Pilasters 4. Niches 5. Coffers 6. Basilica 7. Nave 8. Apse 9. triumphal arch A. recesses in a wall B. a heavily decorated arch used for processions after a n important victory C. indented panels D. a functional building made to hold large numbers of people E. Flat, rectangular columns attached to a wall F. a long, wide center aisle inside a basilica G. when two barrel vaults meet at right angles H. enclosed structures that contained libraries, lecture rooms, gymnasiums, shop, and walkways i. the semicircular area at the end of the nave. Lesson Quiz 9-2Match each item in the left column with the correct description in the right column

4. Do you recognize this picture? • What do you know about the Romans?

5. Objectives • Identify the inspiration behind much of roman architecture and art. • Identify the differences between Greek and Roman art • List some of the innovations of the Romans • Identify some examples of Roman art and architecture

6. Behavioral Expectation • Raise your hand to make a comment or ask a question • No side conversations, please • Active listening

7. Where in the world is Rome?

8. Roman Art • The Romans became the heirs to Greek art but made important contributions of their own • Shading, shadow, reflected light • Portraiture • First to use the Arch • First to use the concrete

9. Differences between Greek and Roman Art • The Greeks preferred Idealistic portraits: the Romans wanted theirs to be realistic. • Greek portraits were designed for public monuments; Roman portraits served private needs. • The Romans thought the character could best be depicted through facial expressions; the Greeks thought a sculpture of a head or bust (head and shoulders) is incomplete.

10. Aphrodite Cato and Portia

11. Review Roman realistic portrait Greek Idealized conformed to the perfect proportion.

12. Mural painting • Wealthy Romans lived in luxurious homes with marble walls and mosaics on the floors and numerous works of art • They did not like to hang paintings on the walls so they hired artists to paint murals. • A mural is a large picture painted directly on the wall.

13. Bedroom from the Villa of P. Fannius Synistor Pompeii

14. Pompeii

15. Roman Innovations

16. The Baker and his Wife

17. Roman ArchitectureInnovations • The round arch was an improvement on post and lintel construction because it allowed a wider space to be bridged. • An arch needs the support of another arch or wall to prevent it from collapsing, for this reason the Romans created a series of smaller arches to replace the single large arch • Concrete had been used in the near East for some time but the Romans were the first to make extensive use of it. • The arch + concrete + large scale buildings

18. An arch is made of a number of cut stones or bricks. Arches were constructed by holding stones in place with a wooden form until a keystone, or top stone of the arch could be placed in position Roman arch

19. Domes Pantheon • Wherever the Roman legions went, they introduced the arch and the use of concrete in architecture. With these they constructed great domes and vaults over their buildings.

20. Made of brick and concrete • Diameter of dome is 144 feet • 3 zones • the lowest has 7 niches(recesses • in the wall) • next 12 signs of the zodiac • the dome represents heaven and • is covered with coffers, or • indented panels. The coffers • reduce the weight of the wall. • Well illuminated through a round opening at the top (30 ft. across) • To solve the problem posed by rain the floor is raised slightly in the center/ formed shallow depression directly under the opening creates a drainage system to carry the water away. PANTHEON

21. Aqueducts • Aqueducts demonstrate the Romans’ ability to combine engineering skills with a knowledge of architectural form. • An aqueduct, a system that carried water from mountain streams into cities by usinggravitational flow, was constructed by placing a series of arches next to each other so they would support each other.

22. Roman Aqueducts

23. The Barrel Vault: a series of arches. The groin vault: two intersecting arches. 2 types of Vaults

24. The colosseum • 4 stories of stone, brick and concrete • Holes between pilasters for poles which supported a canvas awning to protect spectators form sun and rain • Top level Corinthian pilasters , flat, rectangular columns attached to a wall • Corinthian columns • 2nd level Ionic columns • Lowest level, Doric • Arch on 1st 3 levels

25. Constantine • Legalized Christianity • Moved the Capital of Rome from Rome to Byzantium. • He changed the name from Byzantium to Constantinople.