SSUSH5 The student will explain specific events and key ideas that brought about the adoption and implementation of the

1. SSUSH5 The student will explain specific events and key ideas that brought about the adoption and implementation of the United States Constitution. e. Explain the importance of the Presidencies of George Washington and John Adams; include the Whiskey Rebellion, non-intervention in Europe, and the development of political parties (Alexander Hamilton).

2. Bell Ringer • How many states were needed in order to ratify the Constitution? • Name two Federalists. • What did Anti-Federalists insist on before signing the Constitution? • Federalists believed in a strong central government. One in which the ________ government has more power than the ________ government. • Name one Anti-Federalist. • Why did the Articles of Confederation fail?

3. George Washington • In April 1789, Washington was chosen to be the first President of the new government • Two of key members of Washington’s cabinet were Thomas Jefferson, Alexander Hamilton

4. The Whiskey Rebellion • In 1791, Congress imposed a direct tax on the manufacture of whiskey • Western farmers, the main manufactures of whiskey, rebelled against the tax in 1794 • Washington orders 15,000 troops to put down the rebellion • The rebels disperse without fighting, ending the rebellion. • This was the first challenge to the new government and it proved that Washington would enforce the laws. • What message did the new government send by ordering troops to put down the rebellion?

5. Formation of political parties • During Washington’s 1st term in office Congress began to split into factions caused by Secretary of the Treasury Hamilton’s financial programs • Supporters of Hamilton’s programs were called Federalist, while opponents were called Democratic-Republicans, or Republicans (not to be confused with today’s Republican Party)

6. Washington’s Foreign Policy • During the French Revolution, France declared war on England: the United States was divided over who to support • In 1793, Washington declared that the US would be “friendly and impartial” towards both countries The British however, began seizing American ships headed to French ports

7. Washington’s Foreign Policy • Jay’s Treaty: John Jay was sent to Britain to negotiate a settlement in order to avoid war • The treaty helped prevent war between the US and Britain, but did little to ease tension between the two countries • Pinckney’s Treaty: The US negotiated with Spain to allow it free access to the Mississippi River and the Port of New Orleans

8. George Washington • Washington leaves office after his 2nd term-he warns against political parties and foreign alliances • Federalist John Adams is elected the 2nd President of the U.S. in 1796 John Adams

9. John Adams • Upset with Jay’s Treaty, the French began seizing U.S. ships causing an undeclared naval war between France and the U.S. • Negotiations between the two countries ended the hostilities in 1800

10. John Adams • The Alien and Sedition Acts: • Passed in 1798, the Acts were aimed at weakening the Republican Party • The Acts would put voting restriction on immigrants who tended to vote Republican • The Acts also made it against the law to criticize the government, making it difficult for the Republicans to speak out against the Federalist

11. John Adams • The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions: • Written in secret by Jefferson and Madison, the Resolutions argued the states had the right to protect the people from unjust federal laws

12. John Adams • John Adams lost the election of 1800 to Thomas Jefferson in large part because many people were angered over the Alien and Sedition Acts • Though the Federalist controlled the army, the presidency, and Congress, they allowed power to peacefully transfer to the Republicans

13. Am. Rev. & Constitution Concept Maps • Everyone move into groups! Now! • No less than 2 people per group • No more than 4 people per group • Send one person to get markers • Send another person to get poster paper • You will be making alternate Concept Maps • I will assign you either the American Revolution • Or the Constitution • Each member of the group will be responsible for one Sub-Topic within the category which I choose for you