The Writing of the Old Testament: The Four (4) Original Sources: JEDP

1. The Writing of the Old Testament: The Four (4) Original Sources: JEDP “E” or Elohist Tradition: Wrote about the 10th century BCE – same time as the Yahwist. From the Northern Kingdom. Characteristics: Uses the word “Elohim” to refer to God God is more distant and away from His people Stresses: moral and ethical living, law and righteousness Emphasis on the “fear” of God Prophet over King (Northern concern then) “J” or Yahwist Tradition: Wrote about the 10th century BCE. From the Southern Kingdom of Judah. Characteristics: Long stories or epics Emphasizes importance of Israel’s faith in God Stresses God’s closeness to His people Uses the word “Yahweh” to refer to God Elegant and descriptive vocabulary

2. The Writing of the Old Testament: The Four (4) Original Sources: JEDP “P” or Priestly Tradition. Wrote beginning in the Babylonian Exile (587 BCE). Written by a group of Israelite priests. They edited all the material in the Pentateuch. Characteristics: Stresses priestly concerns Importance of the Sabbath, worship, sacrifice, obedience to the covenant and Temple rituals Writing at a time of great loneliness and despair; God far away Stresses genealogies and Israel’s part in God’s plan of salvation Refers to God as “Elohim.” ? E “D” or Deuteronomist Tradition. Writing about 700 BCE. Wrote the Book of Deuteronomy. Separate work. Main purpose: Remind people God’s love is dominant in Israel’s history and law. Stresses obedience to the law of Moses Reminds people of the great things God has done for them Refers to God as “Yahweh.” ? J