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Discover the value of biology and its applications in disease control, food improvement, and environmental conservation. Study the fundamentals of life, from cells to adaptations, and understand the importance of energy, growth, and homeostasis.
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I. What is BIOLOGY? life The study of _____.
What is the value of Biology? benefit of man Biological principles are daily being applied for the ______________ - in controlling disease, improving health, developing better foods, conserving natural resources and understanding our environment.
Why do we study Biology? vocational opportunities hobbies appreciation Industry, agriculture, government, and the medical profession provide unlimited _______________________ to young people with a biological background. Students find that biology offers many interesting and rewarding _______ as well as giving them a better understanding of themselves and a greater ____________ of the living things that surround them.
How do we study Biology? open-minded curiosity Biology students should be ____________ and use careful judgment. A healthy _________; belief in cause and effect, and order in nature is imperative.
Answer the following questions: 1. How would you define the word LIFE to a young child?
3. Do you believe there IS life elsewhere in the universe?Explain your answer
1. Made of one or more _____: cells Cell _____ = basic unit of structure and function of all living things. Unicellular – bacterium, paramecium, amoeba Multicellular – humans, snakes, plants, etc.
2. Displays Organization function orderly • Each organized structure in an organism has a specific ________. • Ex: an anteater’s snout functions as a container for its long tongue. • All parts form an _______ functioning unit.
3. Reproduces NOT individual species Species must replace themselves. Is _____ necessary for the survival of the ___________ organism; it is needed for the survival of the _______!
4. Grows and Develops Growth Development Living things grow because their CELLS grow and divide! _______ = the increase in living material (cellular mass) and the formation of new structures. ____________ = the changes that take place during the life of the organism.
5. Responds to Stiumuli: Stimulus Response survival • _________ = a condition in the environment that creates a response from the organism. • Ex: temperature, weather, other organisms, etc. • _________ = the reaction to a stimulus • Critical for the safety and ________ of an organism!
Stimulus Response Ex: _________ = shark smells blood in the water; _________ = shark moves quickly toward the blood and attacks any organism present.
6. Requires Energy: Energy homeostasis growth reproduction movement FOOD • _______ = the ability to do work or to make things move. • Powers life processes • Maintains ____________, _______, ____________, and __________. • Obtained from the ______ they eat. (Plants make their own!)
Sun Main source of energy for all life is the ____ Energy not only flows through the organism, but also through the community.
7. Maintains Homeostasis: Homeostasis sweating shivering temperature pH regulation • ____________ = the regulation of an organism’s internal environment to maintain conditions that allow it to live. • Ex: Human’s _________ and __________, help the body maintain its proper ____________ - regulated by the hypothalamus. • Ex: ______________ of the blood is regulated by hormones.
Calcium Blood glucose Water Ex: ________ regulation for nerve and muscle function – regulated by the kidneys and intestine. Ex: _____________ balance – regulated by the pancreas/insulin Ex: ______ balance – regulated via food/water intake and waste elimination.
8. Adaptations Evolve Over Time Adaptations Long hind legs enable rabbits to quickly avoid predators; fur to _________ body temperature; changing fur color for different seasons. regulate • ___________ = are structures, behaviors, or internal processes that enable an organism to respond to stimuli. • Structure and behavior examples:
Salt Water infections • Internal stimuli examples: • ______ balance, ____ balance and _________.
Movement movement/gestures The ability to move or travel from place to place • __________ • Motion vs. Locomotion – what is the difference? • Motion = ___________________ • Locomotion = ______________ _______________________________
IV. Basic Needs of Life: SUN Decomposers plants • 1. Energy • Main source of energy → _____ • Plants get energy directly from the sun. • _____________ get energy from dead animals and plants. • Animals get energy from eating ______ or an organism that eats plants.
IV. Basic Needs of Life: WATER 70% • 2. Water, Oxygen and Minerals • Most organisms need _______ in order to survive. • Living things are made up of about ____ water.
