Presentation Transcript

1. Georgia Studies Academic Bowl

2. GEOGRAPHY
3. What are the names of the states that border Georgia? Alabama Tennessee North Carolina South Carolina Florida
4. How many geographic regions does Georgia have? 5
5. What are the geographic regions of Georgia? Coastal Plain Piedmont Ridge and Valley Appalachian Plateau Blue Ridge
6. In which region is Atlanta located? Piedmont
7. What is the smallest geographic region? Appalachian Plateau
8. What region is known for its production of peanuts, pecans, and corn? Coastal Plain
9. In what region is the Okefenokee Swamp located? Coastal Plain
10. What is the highest peak in Georgia? Brasstown Bald
11. What two regions are separated by the Fall Line? Piedmont & Coastal Plain
12. What is the largest swamp in North America? Okefenokee Swamp
13. HISTORY
14. What was the oldest prehistoric Indian civilization found in Georgia? Paleo
15. Why did the Archaic people move frequently? To find food
16. What people were the FIRST to make and use pottery? Archaic
17. During which prehistoric period did the bow and arrow come into use? Woodland
18. Who were the FIRST people to use burial mounds? Woodland
19. What factor resulted in prehistoric Indians making permanent settlements? Began to cultivate plants
20. Name the prehistoric traditions of Georgia in order of their existence? Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, Mississippian
21. Who was the first European explorer to enter Georgia? Hernando de Soto
22. What were the main reasons the Spanish explored North America? Gold, Glory & God
23. Name the European countries that were the major colonizers of the New World. Spain, England, France
24. What was the first permanent English settlement in the New World? Jamestown
25. What was the first Spanish settlement in the New World? St. Augustine
26. What was the British trade policy during the period of colonization? mercantilism
27. What factor was necessary to maintain a favorable balance of trade in the 1600s and 1700s? More exports than imports
28. What was the name of the first British fort constructed in Georgia? Fort King George
29. Who granted Georgia’s charter in 1732? King George II
30. Where was Georgia’s first settlement? Savannah
31. Who was the founder of Georgia and when was it founded? James Oglethorpe, 1733
32. According to the charter, what groups of people could not be Georgia colonists? Catholics, liquor dealers, lawyers, blacks
33. What Indians were led by Tomochichi? Yamacraws
34. What ship transported the first colonists to Georgia? The Ann
35. Where did James Oglethorpe and the first Georgia colonists land when they arrived in Georgia? Yamacraw Bluff
36. The original plan for Savannah called for the building of 4 what? squares
37. Who served as an interpreter for Oglethorpe? Mary Musgrove
38. Tomochichi allowed Oglethorpe to settle on a bluff overlooking what river? Savannah River
39. The Germans under the leadership of John Martin Bolzius were referred to as the what? The Salzburgers
40. What was the name of their settlement? Ebenezer
41. On which barrier island did the Salzburgers settle? St. Simons Island
42. What group settled at Darien? Highland Scots
43. What battle was the beginning of the safe southern frontier for the British? Battle of Bloody Marsh
44. Name 3 areas of colonist discontent? slavery sale of rum land ownership
45. What policy did the king make to ensure that the trustees did not take advantage of the colony? They could not hold office.
46. What term was used to describe those who complained about the policies of the trustees? malcontents
47. In 1752, Georgia became a ____colony? royal
48. Who were the three royal governors of Georgia? John Reynolds Henry Ellis James Wright
49. Which 2 countries were involved in the French and Indian war? Great Britain France
50. What law forbade colonists to move west of the Appalachian Mountains? Proclamation of 1763
51. The Proclamation of 1763 moved Ga.’s southern boundary to what? St. Mary’s River
52. How did the French and Indian War lead to America’s Revolutionary War? To get money to repay war debts, Great Britain taxed the colonists on the premise that the war had been necessary to protect the colonies from France
53. What event began with snowball fight and ended with 5 deaths? Boston Massacre
54. What declared the independence of the American colonies? Declaration of Independence
55. How many original colonies were there? 13
56. Who was the primary author of the Declaration of Independence? Thomas Jefferson
57. Where did the first colonial victory in Georgia during the American Revolution? Battle of Kettle Creek
58. What British policy greatly affected Ga. by adding a tax on newspapers and licenses? Stamp Act
59. What was the British policy punishing Boston for the Tea Party? Intolerable Acts
60. Name the 3 Georgians that signed the Declaration of Independence. George Walton Lyman Hall Button Gwinnett
61. Who headed the militia that defeated the British at the Battle of Kettle Creek? Elijah Clarke
62. Who was the commander of the Continental Army during the American Revolution? George Washington
63. Who is the Revolutionary war heroine who has a county named for her? Nancy Hart
64. What was the most significant result of the siege of Savannah? Savannah remained in British hands.
65. Who was the black soldier who was seriously wounded at the Battle of Kettle Creek? Austin Dabney
66. What was the opposite name of Loyalists? Patriots
67. Why did the writers of Georgia’s first constitution (1777) want to limit the power of the governor? In the past, the governor showed too much loyalty to the king.
68. Who was elected Georgia’s first governor under the Constitution of 1777? John Adam Treutlen
69. What was the first written plan for the government of the United States called? Articles of Confederation
70. What was the purpose of the Constitutional Convention held in 1787? To Revise the Articles of Confederation
71. Who were the 2 signers of the US Constitution from Georgia? Abraham Baldwin William Few
72. What was the purpose of the headright system in Georgia? To distribute Indian lands to new settlers
73. What scandal took place when Georgia’s governor and some legislators were bribed to sell public land to private developers at below-market price? Yazoo Land Fraud
74. What system replaced the headright system as a way of allocating land? Land Lottery
75. Who was the Creek leader in the Oconee War between the Creek and the Georgia pioneers? Alexander McGillivray
76. Why was William McIntosh, a Creek chief, murdered by his own people? He signed a treaty giving up the last Creek lands in Georgia to the federal government.
77. What were the 2 main Indian tribes in Georgia? Creeks Cherokees
78. The removal of the Cherokee from their land is referred to as what? Trail of Tears
79. The Indians were taken to the Indian Territory, which is mainly what present-day state? Oklahoma
80. What was George Gist’s major contribution to the Cherokee culture? Sequoyah made a syllabary – Cherokee alphabet
81. What discovery led to the final Indian removal from Georgia? Gold
82. Who was the Chief Justice of the US Supreme Court who ruled that Cherokee territory was not subject to state law? John Marshall
83. Who was the Cherokee chief who took a petition of Congress protesting the Cherokee removal from their land? John Ross
84. What is a land grant university? Land for the university was donated by the federal government.
85. What is Georgia’s first land grant university? UGA
86. By 1860, what were the 2 largest church denominations in Georgia? Methodists Baptists
87. Why did the capital of Georgia move so often? To follow the major part of the population
88. What invention had the greatest effect on Georgia’s economy in the early 1800’s? cotton gin
89. What railroad became the primary railroad in Georgia in the 1830’s? Western and Atlantic
90. Who invented the cotton gin? Eli Whitney
91. Who wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin? Harriet Beecher Stowe
92. Would the northern states or the southern states believe that the interests of the national government should take precedence over the states? What is it called if you think that the state takes precedence over the national government? southern states states’ rights
93. According to the provisions of the Missouri Compromise, what state was admitted as a free state? Maine
94. What is the belief the one region is better or more important that another region of the country? sectionalism
95. What state entered the Union as a free state because of the Compromise of 1850? California
96. Who led a raid on a federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia? John Brown
97. What Georgia leader became the vice president of the Confederate States of America? Alexander Stephens
98. Who was the governor of Georgia during the Civil War? Joseph Brown
99. What Supreme Court decision pushed the nation closer to war? The Dred Scott Decision
100. What was the statement from Georgia that supported the Compromise of 1850? The Georgia Platform
101. What was the purpose of the Fugitive Slave Law? To require the return of runaway slaves to their owners
102. What was the name of the Union plan to isolate the western Confederate states? Anaconda Plan
103. What contributed to the lack of success of the Union blockade? blockade runners
104. What were the 2 major campaigns fought in Georgia during the Civil War? Atlanta Campaign Savannah Campaign
105. Which Union general led the “March to the Sea”? General William T. Sherman
106. Where was the notorious Confederate prison in Georgia? Andersonville
107. Why was Chickamauga important to both the North and the South? It was the railroad center.
108. How was the Emancipation Proclamation a concession to the South? The South could keep their slaves if they stopped fighting.
109. What was the bloodiest one day battle of the Civil War? Antietam
110. What battle was considered the turning point of the war against the Confederacy? Where was this fought? Gettysburg Pennsylvania
111. What was President Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction called? 10% Plan
112. In President Johnson’s Reconstruction plan what amendment to the Constitution had to be approved by the southern states? 13th Amendment
113. Ultimately what was the goal of the Radical Republicans against the southern states? To punish the southern rebelling states
114. What did the 13th Amendment do? Abolish slavery
115. What did the 14th Amendment do? Made blacks citizens
116. What did the 15th Amendment do? Gave blacks the right to vote
117. Help for the former slaves and poor whites came from what organization? Freedmen’s Bureau
118. What best describes the differences between sharecropping and tenant farming? Sharecroppers owned nothing but their labor, while tenant farmers owned animals and equipment to use working other people’s land.
119. Limitations on the type of jobs newly freed slaves could have and restrictions on their rights to vote and participate in the legal system were called what? Black Codes
120. What organization wanted to return control of the southern governments to the Democrats by intimidation? Ku Klux Klan
121. Why was Henry McNeal Turner and other black legislators expelled from the Georgia General Assembly? He did not have the right to hold political office according to the constitution.
122. How long did Reconstruction last in Georgia? 5 Years
123. What young man was lynched in Marietta due to anti-Semitism? Leo Frank
124. Who benefited from the county unit system? The rural areas of the state
125. The racial unrest brought about by the Leo Frank case resulted in the creation of a chapter of the KKK who called themselves what? The Knights of Mary Phagan
126. Stories of black violence against whites in the Atlanta newspapers resulted in what? The Atlanta Race Riot of 1906
127. What was Tom Watson’s greatest accomplishment? The Rural Free Delivery Bill
128. The phrase that was used to reflect the change of the South in areas of business, industrialization, agriculture, race relations, and society was what? The New South
129. The 3 Georgia leaders who shared a strong belief in white supremacy and states’ rights following Reconstruction were referred to as what? The Bourbon Triumvirate
130. What was held in Atlanta to showcase the industries of the New South? The International Cotton Exposition
131. Who were the members of the Bourbon Triumvirate? Joseph Brown Alfred Colquitt, John Gordon
132. Who coined the term “New South”? Henry Grady
133. What group of the population was supported by Tom Watson, a Georgia populist? farmers
134. What was the major crop produced in Georgia when Reconstruction ended? cotton
135. Who wrote for the Atlanta Journal and focused on the need for reform in the prison system? Rebecca Latimer Felton
136. What U.S. Supreme Court case ruled that segregated facilities much be equal? Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896
137. African Americans were separated in schools, restrooms and waiting rooms because of what laws? Jim Crow Laws
138. What court case gave the states the right to promote segregation? Plessy v. Ferguson
139. What Constitutional amendment was violated by Jim Crow legislation? 14th Amendment
140. In the early 1900s what methods restricted the voting rights of African Americans in Georgia? Poll taxes grandfather clause Gerrymandering literacy tests
141. What 2 things hurt Georgia farmers in the early 1900s? Drought Boll weevil
142. What insect feeds on the white, fluffy cotton? Boll weevil
143. What 3 things caused the Great Depression? stock speculation borrowing more money than could be repaid overproduction
144. What 3 things caused the Great What United States president was blamed for the Great Depression? Depression? Herbert Hoover
145. What was the nickname for the day the stock market crashed? Black Thursday
146. What is the belief that government should not interfere in the economy called? Laissez-faire
147. Why did Georgia NOT immediately feel the impact of the stock market crash? Georgia was already in a depression.
148. What Georgia governor did not support public welfare, voting rights for blacks, or federal assistance programs? Eugene Talmadge
149. How many times was Eugene Talmadge elected governor? 3
150. From what group did he receive his greatest support? rural voters
151. Who was the president credited with bringing the US out of the Great Depression? Franklin D. Roosevelt
152. What were the programs that paved the way for economic recovery in the United States? The New Deal Programs
153. What is the AAA? Agricultural Adjustment Act
154. What group of Georgians benefited most from the AAA? property owners
155. The system of retirement and unemployment begun as a part of the depression recovery is called what? Social Security
156. What New Deal program provided loans to farmers’ co-ops so they could run power lines in rural areas? Rural Electrification Agency (REA)
157. What countries were allies in WWI? Great Britain, France, United States and Russia
158. What Georgia military installation trained infantry during WWI and is home to US Army infantry today? Fort Benning in Columbus
159. What 3 ways did Georgia support WWI? Growing food, making uniforms and material for them, transporting arms and soldiers
160. What was the most immediate cause of WWI? the assassination of Franz Ferdinand of the Austrian Hungarian empire by a Serbian terrorist
161. Who were the Central Powers? Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire
162. The German invasion of what country was the immediate cause of WWII? Poland
163. Why did the US enter WWII? The Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor
164. Name 3 major members of the Axis Powers of WWII. Germany, Japan, Italy
165. Name 3 major members of the Allied Powers of WWII. Great Britain, the United States, the Soviet Union
166. Before the US entered WWII, it provided lend-lease aid to what 2 countries? England & the Soviet Union
167. As its allies ran out of money with which to purchase war equipment, what system did the US. start? the lend-lease aid
168. The extermination of 6 million Jews and other “undesirables” during WWII is referred to as what? the Holocaust
169. Who was the world leader who instigated this extermination? Adolf Hitler
170. Who was the first black president of Atlanta Baptist College? John Hope
171. Today Atlanta Baptist College is known as Morehouse. Where is it located? Atlanta
172. Who supported economic equality and vocational education for African Americans? Booker T. Washington
173. Who supported political equality for African Americans? W.E.B. DuBois
174. What business made Alonzo Herndon a successful businessman? Atlanta Mutual Insurance Company
175. What Georgian is known as the “father of the 2-ocean Navy”? Carl Vinson
176. What governor of Georgia established the Board of Regents of the University System and began school lunch programs? Richard Russell
177. What did the Bell Aircraft Company in Marietta produce during WWII? The B-29 aircraft
178. Where in Georgia were Liberty ships built during WWII? Brunswick and Savannah
179. What New Deal program resulted from President Roosevelt’s view of rural Georgia while sitting on his porch in the evening? Rural Electrification Agency (REA)
180. Where did Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) die while sitting for a portrait? Warm Springs, Ga.
181. Why did FDR spend so much time in Georgia? FDR used the warm mineral waters of Warm Springs to ease his polio.
182. What has resulted in new crops and has changed the way farming is done in Georgia since WWII? technology
183. What is the key reason for the migration of people into Georgia since the 1960’s? diversified economy
184. What percentage of Georgia’s population today lives in the Metro Atlanta area? Over 50%
185. What term is used to describe the residential area immediately around cities? suburban
186. Unplanned growth surrounding cities is referred to as what? urban sprawl
187. What problem was created by commuting from the suburbs? air pollution
188. What is the fastest growing population group in Georgia? Hispanics
189. Racial moderation that included the integration of lunch counters in Atlanta was achieved during what mayor’s administration? William Hartsfield
190. Who was the mayor of Atlanta credited with the removal of segregation signs in city hall and the integration of the city government and the fire department? Ivan Allen
191. Aviation is the issue for which Mayor ____________ is best remembered? Hartsfield
192. Who was the mayor of Atlanta responsible for bringing professional athletic teams to the city? Ivan Allen
193. Who was the Georgia native who was the first African American major league baseball player? Jackie Robinson
194. Who was the first governor of Georgia to serve a term of 4 years? Ellis Arnall
195. Who were the candidates in the 1966 Georgia Democratic primary for governor? Ellis Arnall Lester Maddox
196. Abolishing the poll tax and adopting a new state constitution is credited to what governor? Ellis Arnall
197. What was the US Supreme Court case that ruled the separate-but-equal policy as unconstitutional? Brown v. Board of Education Topeka, Kansas 1954
198. What law withheld federal funds from schools that did not end segregation? Civil Rights Act of 1964
199. How did Dr. King favor bringing about social change? Nonviolent protests
200. What state commission studied the problem of school integration? Sibley Commission
201. What action of Dr. King directly influenced the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965? March on Washington, 1963
202. What civil rights movement abandoned the principles of Dr. King? Black Panthers
203. Who was the first African American to serve as a member of the Atlanta board of education? Benjamin Mays
204. During the 3 governors episode who was locked out of his office and set up an office at the Capitol’s information counter? Ellis Arnall
205. Herman Talmadge made his greatest contribution as governor in what area? education
206. During Herman Talmadge’s administration what was begun in order to fund a lengthened school year and school improvements? 3% sales tax
207. In what year did the Georgia state flag become an issue in the race for governor? 2000
208. What organization was founded 2 months after the 1960 sit-in at the Woolworth’s lunch counter in Greensboro, N.C.? Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
209. To promote civil rights for all citizens is the purpose of what organization? NAACP
210. The integration of interstate bus station waiting rooms in Albany was the focus of what movement? The Albany Movement 1961
211. Who was the first black mayor of Atlanta? Maynard Jackson
212. Who were the first African American students be admitted to UGA? Charlayne Hunter and Hamilton Holmes
213. What governor appointed more African Americans to state boards than all prior governors combined? Lester Maddox
214. Dr. King’s “I Have a Dream” speech is associated with what event? March on Washington
215. Who was the first African American since Reconstruction to be elected to the House of Representatives from Georgia? Andrew Young
216. Who was appointed as UN ambassador from the US? Andrew Young
217. GEOGRAPHY
218. What method of transportation moves the largest amount of freight in Georgia? trucks
219. Where is the largest single container facility on the East Coast located? Savannah
220. The loss of American manufacturing jobs causes a ______in transportation jobs. decline
221. HISTORY
222. From what area did most of the members of Ga.’s House of Representatives come after the end of the county unit system? urban areas
223. What president helped bring about the Camp David Peace Accords? Jimmy Carter
224. What new cabinet position was created under President Carter? Department of Education
225. Where was President Carter born? Plains
226. What political positions were held by Jimmy Carter during his career? Member of Plains school board, Ga. state senate, Ga. state governor, President
227. The _______hostage crisis began during the Carter administration. Iranian
228. Who was the first Republican governor in Georgia in 130 years? Sonny Perdue
229. For most of the last 100 years, Georgia was dominated by how many political parties? One political party--Democratic
230. The Stone Mountain tennis facility and the Georgia Horse Park were built especially for what event? 1996 Summer Olympics
231. What word is an antonym for entrepreneur? employee
232. What entrepreneur is associated with Coca-Cola? John S. Pemberton
233. Perhaps the greatest risk taken by the makers of Coca-Cola in an effort to increase their profit was to change the soft drink’s ___. advertising
234. Who was responsible for making Coca-Cola a nationally recognizable brand? Asa Candler
235. Name 3 international businesses that had their beginnings in Ga. Coca-Cola Home Depot Delta Air Lines
236. Who is the author of Gone With The Wind? Margaret Mitchell
237. Who was the Georgian who was the founder of the American Girl Scouts? Juliette Gordon Low
238. GOVERNMENT
239. How many articles are in Georgia’s state constitution? 11
240. Which branch of Georgia’s government is the largest? executive
241. To whom does the Georgia constitution give the right to control the government? voters
242. According to the system of checks and balances, the _____branch does not have the power to appoint state judges. judicial
243. Name the 3 branches of government. legislative, executive, judicial
244. What term refers to the designation of certain powers to each of the 3 branches of government? separation of powers
245. According to the system of checks and balances, the executive branch checks the legislative branch through the use of the ______. veto
246. What keeps one branch of government from becoming too powerful? separation of powers
247. What are the requirements to serve in the Georgia Senate? 25 years old a citizen of Ga. for at least 2 years a resident of the district from which he is elected for at least one year
248. Does the Georgia General Assembly consider laws dealing with treaties? No—that is a federal issue
249. How long is the regular session of the Georgia General Assembly? 40 days
250. What are the requirements to serve in the Georgia House of Representatives? 21 years old a citizen of GA for at least one year a resident of the district from which elected for one year
251. What type of legislation must begin in the House of Representatives? appropriation bills
252. How long is the term of a member of the Georgia General Assembly? 2 years
253. To confirm all the executive appointments is the unique power of the ______. senate
254. The ____________has law-making power over all areas not specifically assigned to the United States Constitution. Georgia General Assembly
255. How many legislators serve in Georgia House of Representatives? 180
256. How many people serve in the Georgia State Senate? 56
257. A _______committee is a permanent legislative committee. standing
258. To review bills before they come to the floor for discussion is the main purpose of a legislative ________________. committee
259. Who presides over the Georgia state senate? Lieutenant Governor
260. Who presides over the Georgia House of Representatives? Speaker of the House
261. When the house and the senate version of a bill differ after being passed by their respective bodies, the bill is referred to a ________committee. conference
262. What happens to a bill passed by the legislature if the governor does not veto it, but does not sign it? becomes a law
263. What vote is required in the house of representatives in order for a bill to pass? A majority
264. If the governor vetoes a bill, the legislature can override the veto by a _____________of both houses. 2/3 vote of both houses
265. What is the maximum number of consecutive years that a Georgia governor may serve as the state’s chief executive officer? 8
266. Who becomes Georgia’s governor in the event both the governor and the lieutenant governor are unable to serve? Speaker of the House
267. What types of powers are given to Georgia’s governor by the state constitution? legislative, executive, judicial
268. What qualifications are required to be elected governor? 30 years old a citizen of the US for 15 years a resident of Georgia for 6 years
269. How many consecutive years can a lieutenant governor serve in that capacity according to Georgia’s constitution? undefined number of years
270. The chief legal officer of the state is the ______. Attorney General
271. What office maintains the state’s official records and supervises elections? Secretary of State
272. The lieutenant governor most effectively affects the passage of failure of legislation in the state senate by _______. assigning Senate bills to committee
273. The power to pardon criminals is a ______power of the governor. judicial
274. What courts are found in each county in Georgia? municipal courts magistrate courts probate courts juvenile courts
275. Whether or not a person accused of a crime should be charged and stand trial for that crime is decide by whom? Grand Jury
276. How long is the term of a member of the Georgia State Supreme Court? 6 years
277. How many justices serve on the Georgia State Supreme Court? 7
278. What types of cases are automatically reviewed by the state supreme court? death penalty cases
279. Name the 2 types of court cases. criminal and civil
280. What are the most serious criminal crimes called? felonies
281. Who has the burden of proof in a criminal case? state
282. Who has the burden of proof in a civil case? plaintiff
283. What are the less serious criminal crimes called? misdemeanors
284. A juvenile in Georgia is one who is under the age of _____. 17
285. How are juvenile judges selected? Appointed by superior court judges
286. Juveniles in Georgia are not guaranteed the right to _______when being detained. bail
287. Working at a kitchen in a homeless shelter is an example of ________ _________ that could by assigned by a juvenile judge. community service
288. Who determines if a juvenile who is taken into custody should be detained or released to his or her parents? Intake officer
289. What is an act that would be considered a crime if committed by an adult? delinquent act
290. What refers to an act that would not be considered a crime if committed by an adult? status offense
291. A juvenile is not arrested , but is rather _____ ______ _____. Taken into custody
292. How many counties does Georgia have today? 159
293. What is a example of a consolidated city-county government? Athens-Clarke Augusta-Richmond
294. Which term describes a city with its own government? municipality
295. What is the name of Ga.’s oldest city? Savannah
296. Name 3 forms of city government? mayor-council council-manager commission
297. What is the most common type of city government in Georgia? mayor-council
298. A county board of education or a port authority are examples of a _________________district form of government. Special district government
299. What are the dominant political parties in Georgia today? Republican and Democratic
300. What were the 2 earliest political parties? Federalists and Anti-Federalists
301. What is the process by which a person from another country can become an American citizen? naturalization
302. What financial responsibility does a citizen have toward the government? to pay taxes
303. How old must a person be to vote in Georgia today? 18
304. Who is the chief election officer in Georgia? Secretary of State
305. ECONOMICS
306. What is the name given to Georgia’s budgetary spending year? fiscal
307. From where does the largest source of Georgia’s income come? state income tax
308. For what is the largest expenditure of state funds? education
309. What is the largest source of revenue for county governments? property taxes
310. When is the best time to borrow money? when interest is low
311. What type of bank accounts provides the most flexibility? checking