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RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES EXPLOITATION IN KENYA

2. Energy supply for Kenya. A study carried out in year 2002 report: Biomass

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RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES EXPLOITATION IN KENYA

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    2. 2 Energy supply for Kenya A study carried out in year 2002 report: Biomass – 80.5% Petroleum – 18% Electricity – 1.4% The study predicted serious energy deficits by 2015 unless interventions are put in place. Total Investment of KShs 772 Billion required over 10 years to meet projected demand

    3. 3 Modern energy Access in Kenya Modern energy access less than 25% of population* Access to electricity - 15% of total population and 4% in rural areas Modern energy consumption per capita = 89.4 kg of oil equivalent (koe) Minimum consumption/capita for a country to make a transition from subsistence to a growing economy = 300 koe *(author’s estimate)

    4. 4 Renewable Energy Resources in Kenya Solar – very high with annual national mean irradiation of between 4.4 and 6.3 kWh/m². The country annual average is about 5 kWh/m²/day Wind – good to very good in a few places Small hydros – 3,000 MW. Total hydro 6,000MW Geothermal – 2000MW (?) Other RE resources (biogas, seawaves&tidal etc) – resources not yet mapped.

    5. 5 History Development of RE 1 RE in the context of this presentation excludes large scale commercial power projects such as large hydros and Geothermal Interest triggered by RE conference held in Kenya in 1982 Donors, NGOs and corporations started using solar PV in remote areas The sun radiates energy that is vital for all life and processes on the planet The sun radiates energy that is vital for all life and processes on the planet

    6. 6 History Development of RE 2 Local entrepreneurs saw a business opportunity and started importing and trading in PV systems Government facilitated PV by reducing and eventually zero rating PV panels

    7. 7 History Development of RE 3 PV is now a $8 million p.a. business About 200,000 solar PV systems installed -most of them installed in rural households About 15,000 solar systems installed in Kenya p.a.

    8. 8 RE Resource exploitation – current status Solar - Small scale PV about 6MW installed Solarthermal – insignificant. Mostly used in traditional drying of food crops. Wind – insignificant (only 400kW) Small hydros – insignificant Though the potential is huge, harnessing of other RE resources in Kenya insignificant.

    9. 9 Electricity supply in Kenya

    10. 10 Benefits of RE exploitation for Kenya 1 The country would reap many benefits: Economic benefits - Use of locally available energy resources - Reduction in oil import bills - Faster development of commercial and manufacturing activities in rural areas - Increased agricultural productivity - irrigation

    11. 11 Benefits of RE exploitation for Kenya 2 Social Benefits - Education - Health - Water - Communication Environmental benefits

    12. 12 Barriers to RE development 1 High costs of the technologies Lack of appropriate and affordable financing options Underdeveloped infrastructure for manufacture/importation, distribution and after sales service

    13. 13 Barriers to RE development 2 Lack of enabling institutional, legal and regulatory framework Inadequate qualified and skilled manpower in the industry Low levels of income

    14. 14 Interventions by the Government 1 Fiscal - import duties and taxes abolished on solar equipment - financing of RE resource assessments and pre-feasibility studies and demonstrations - Resource mobilisation for RE programmes - Attractive feed-in tarriff being worked out.

    15. 15 Interventions by the Government 2 Promotion and awareness creation - Ministry of energy organising seminars, workshops - Energy bulletin - Demonstrations at the energy centres Policy, Legal and regulatory framework - Policy to promote and support the development of RE formulated in year 2004 (Sessional paper No.4 on energy)

    16. 16 Interventions by the Government 3 - New Energy law already published and to be tabled in parliament any time now. Legal and Regulatory frameworks on RE development included in the act. Capacity building - training of fabricators of efficient stoves at energy centres - training of engineers at MoE

    17. 17 MoE RE Programmes Solar for schools programme - Commenced 2005. - about $ 2m per year programme to install PV systems in schools in remote areas - 21 schools already done. - 60 schools to have benefited by July 2007 500kW Wind project at Marsabit - To be developed by an IPP on BOOT model

    18. 18 Other Proposed RE Projects Proposed for grid connection (by private developers) - 80MW wind proposed - 20 MW cane bagasse co-generation

    19. 19 Investment opportunities in the energy sector Energy demand increasing rapidly An additional 500MWe required in the next 5 years Good investment opportunities in power generation therefore exists Ministry of energy always ready to facilitate Visit www.energy.go.ke for more information about the ministry of energy

    20. 20 Appreciation Thank you

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