TODD BERTUZZI

1. TODD BERTUZZI All Star Hockey Player & Retaliation Machine

2. Abstract • Biography • Steve Moore Incident • Motives • Motivation Theories • Aggression • Apter’s Theory • Guilt & Shame • Emotional Intelligence Study • Draw Conclusions

3. Biography • Born: Feb. 2, 1975 in Sudbury, Ontario • Married: wife Julie, daughter Jaden and son Tag • Played in the OHL for the Guelph Storm 1991 - 1995 • Drafted in the first round, (23rd overall) in the 1993 NHL Entry Draft by the New York Islanders.

4. Two years later, he made his NHL debut. • In his 4th season he was traded to the Vancouver Canucks. • 2001 – 2002 was his best NHL season, he finished 3rd overall in scoring with 85 points. • March 8th, 2004 Todd was involved in an incident with Steve Moore. • Todd Currently plays for the Detroit Red Wings.

5. The Steve Moore Incident • February 16, 2004 incident with Canucks captain Markus Naslund. • Referee did not call a penalty on the play. • March 8, 2004 Bertuzzi attacked Moore.

6. Moore Incident cont.. • Moore’s extensive injuries. • Bertuzzi’s punishment. • Bertuzzi’s plea and aftermath

7. THE BIG QUESTION….. WHY DID TODD BERTUZZI ATTACK STEVE MOORE??????

8. 5 Types of Motives • Achievement: striving for a standard of excellence • Social: interacting with people • Self Esteem: feeling capable, self worth • Physiological: innate feelings (hunger) • Stimulus Change: seek new experiences

9. Todd’s Motives • Achievement • Social • Self Esteem

10. Theories of Motivation • Drive Theory: internal tension motivates engagement in activities that reduce the tension. • Learning Theory: behaviour is the result of learning from one’s environment with punishment & rewards. • Needs Theory: 1 .) Maslow – whole person is motivated by 1 need. Needs are arranged in hierarchy. 2.) Murray – needs are physiological, and acquired.

11. Maslow’s Needs Theory • Safety Needs:to feel secure, safe, and out of danger. • Belongingness Needs:to affiliate with others, be accepted, and belong. • Esteem Needs:to achieve, be competent, and gain approval and recognition.

12. Murray’s Needs Theory • Achievement:to overcome obstacles and attain a high standard. To rival and surpass others. To strive to master. • Aggression:to assault or injure another. To fight. To oppose forcefully. To belittle, harm, blame, accuse or depreciate another. To revenge an injury. • Counteraction:to master or make up for failure by renewed effort. To overcome a weakness. To maintain honor, pride, and self-respect.

13. Aggression • Aggression: not defined by harm but the coming together or intention of harm. • Predatory • Inter-male • Fear-induced • Territorial • Maternal • Sex-related • Irritable • Instrumental

14. Todd’s Display of Aggression • Irritable: attack or destructive behaviour directed toward any object as the result of frustration, pain, deprivation, or any other stressor. • Instrumental:aggressive behaviour that has previously resulted in some kind of reward.

15. Hockey’s Universal Aggression • “There’s definitely a bounty on his head. Clean hit or not, that’s our best player, and you respond. It’s going to be fun when we get him”. - Brad May of the Vancouver Canucks, several days before Bertuzzi’s attack.

16. Coercive Action • Coercive Action:as an action taken with the intention of imposing harm on another person or forcing compliance. It is used when behaviour of others is not in line with the wishes of person.

17. Motivation by Goals • Apter’s Theory: the level of stimulation that people prefer depends on their goals. Two types of goals: a.) Telic – motivated by need for achievement b.) Paratelic – motivated by desire to experience

18. Aftermath of Incident • Guilt: going against one’s person moral values or rules. • Shame: failing to live up to one’s personal best. • “I am truly sorry. I don’t play the game that way, I’m not a mean spirited person. And I’m sorry for what happened”. – Todd Bertuzzi • “Steve I just want to apologize for what happened out there. I had no intention of hurting you”. - Todd Bertuzzi

19. Emotional Intelligence Case Study • Emotional Intelligence in the NHL • Subjects: during 2003/2004 season, 79 players from 24 teams. • Measured on Bar-on Emotional Quotient Inventory • Emotional Intelligence Definition • Purpose: to evaluate the standing on emotional intelligence of NHL players in relation to stress & performance.

20. Study Conclusions • 29% of the variance in occupational performance is accounted by E.I. • Hockey players scored high on E.I. – dispelling the theory that hockey players are emotionally deficient. • The more games you played the lower the E.I. was found to be

21. Future Directions • The affects of long term aggression on a hockey player like Todd Bertuzzi. • Future career/retirement • Cultural differences

22. Conclusions • The Moore Incident although out of character for Todd Bertuzzi is explainable through motivations, such as achievement. • The drive and learning theories of motivation explain that stress and reinforcement attributed to his attack. • Todd displayed both irritable and instrumental aggression towards Moore, that is also a coercive action. • According to the Emotional Intelligence case study on NHL hockey players, Todd’s actions are perhaps the result of his prolonged career in the NHL and his loss in ability to control his actions.

23. References • Curwen, T. (2007. January 9) Human Motivation. Lecture presented at Nipissing University. • Franken, Robert. “Human Motivation”. Belmont, CA: Thompson Wadsworth. 2007. • Perlini, A., Halverson, T. (2006). Emotional Intelligence in the National Hockey League. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 38 (2), 109-119. • (2007). Todd Bertuzzi. Retrieved March 3, 2007, from Wikipedia Encyclopedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Todd_Bertuzzi

24. Questions or Comments???