New York’s WMD CSTs: DoD’s First Responders

1. New York’s WMD CSTs:DoD’s First Responders Enhanced Effectiveness & Relevancy?

2. Thesis Statement The State of New York’s two WMD CSTs; the 2nd WMD CST and the 24th WMD CST, as a whole, have enhanced their effectiveness and relevancy in supporting the state’s civil authorities in response to a WMD related (or potential WMD related) event resulting in improved overall protection.

3. Outline • Birth of WMD CST • What is a WMD CST? • Mission Set • WMD CST Organization Chart & Capabilities • WMD CST Request & Notification Process • Supporting Thesis Statement • 2nd and 24th WMD CSTs • Capacity • Response • Conclusion

4. Birth of the WMD CST • Cold War Ends (1991) • WMD Defined as “CBRNE” • WMD Terrorism History • 1993 WTC Bombing – 7 deaths, 1000+ casualties • 1995 Tokyo, Japan, Sarin Gas Release – 12 deaths, 6000+ casualties • 1995 Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, Federal Building – 168 deaths • Clinton Administration Emergency Management Response • 1995: PDD 39, “US Policy on Counter-Terrorism” • 1997: Nunn-Lugar-Domenici Amendment to NDAA • 1998: PDD 62, “Protection Against Unconventional Threats to the Homeland and Americans Overseas” 1998 birth of the Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) Civil Support Team (CST), In 2001 first 10 teams certified (each FEMA Region)  today, 57 teams

5. What is a WMD CST? Commanding Officer (O-5) Deputy Commanding Officer (O-4) First Sergeant (E-8) Note: NCO – Non-commissioned Officer (enlisted) Team Command Survey Tm Leader (O-3) Survey Ops NCO (E-7) Team A Asst Survey Modeling NCO (E-6) Survey NCO (E-5) Survey NCO (E-5) Team B Asst Survey Modeling NCO (E-6) Survey NCO (E-5) Survey NCO (E-5) Medical Support PA (O-4) Med Ops Off (O-3) Analytical Team WMD Science Off (O-3) Med NCO (E-7) Analytical Lab System Sample Testing Ops Officer (O-3) Modeling NCO (E-7) Training NCO (E-6) Maintain SA & COP Comms Chief (E-7) Info Sys Op (E-7) Unified Command Suite NIMS Capable Logistics NCO (E-7) Admin NCO (E-7) • Mission Statement Set • Support Domestic Civil Authorities in: • Identifying CBRNE Agents • Assessing Consequences • Advising Response Measures • Assisting with Follow-on State and Federal • Resources

6. WMD CST Request & Notification Process NYC Incident Commanders / Emergency Responders Local Incident Commanders / Emergency Responders Request Request OEM Executive Staff OEM Watch Command County OEM Request Request After Business Hours Regional SEMO Office (during normal business hours) SEMO Warming Point Request Request SEMO Director Warming Point SEMO Director Warming Point Confirmation WARNO Yes/No Confirmation Yes/No WARNO NYS Governor’s Office Department of Military & Naval Affairs (NY National Guard – TAG) NYS Governor’s Office Department of Military & Naval Affairs (NY National Guard – TAG) 24th WMDCST 24th WMDCST

7. Supporting Thesis Statement(Capacity) Organizational & Staffing Adaptive Training & Resources • Type 1 “Existing” DRC Typology • 24th WMD CST: • Internal re-organization survey team • Adaptive improvisation (Credentialing) • Quasi-emergence group at structure • level (as cited in Wachtendorf, 2004) • 50% greater capability • Type 1 “Existing” DRC Typology • 24th WMD CST: • “Cross Training” Concept • “Bump Plan” • Adaptive & reproductive improvisation • Quasi-emergence group at task • level (as cited in Wachtendorf, 2004) • Allows greater flexibility for changing priorities • Advance Party a priority for deployment Relationships & Trust Senior Leadership Support • Defined as mutual affiliation or connection; • common interest • Defined as confidence of certainty; a major • objective of relationship building • Quote from John Scrivani (NYC OEM) • Quote from Captain D’Avolio (FDNY • HAZMAT Company 1) • 2nd WMD CST: • September 11, 2001 • Anthrax bio-terrorism • Reputation continues in new AO • Marketing and advertisement • Legitimate and expert power to influence • 2nd WMD CST: • Quote from then NY TAG, MG Maguire • immediately after 9-11 (Fanning, 2001) • 24th & 2nd WMD CST: • Quote from Gen McKinley (Chief NGB) • (Mendie, 2010)

8. Supporting Thesis Statement(Response) 24th WMD CST Stationing Plan 30-Minute Home-to-Work • 24th WMD CST AO NYC / LI • NYC high priority terrorist target • NYC reduced HAZMAT capability after 9-11 • On Ft Hamilton in Brooklyn, NY • Improved response capability • Leveraged various governmental stakeholders • support • 2d WMD CST AO assigned primarily to rest of NY • 2nd and 24th WMD CST • Requires members to live within 30 minutes • of work • Example, LTC Hietala maintained second • residence on Ft Hamilton while in command • Improved response capability • Illustrates commitment and importance to peers Informal Line of Communication • 2nd and 24th WMD CST • Leverages relationship building and trust • Originator of request directly to WMD CST • Initiated at same time as formal line of • communication • Pre-deployment activities start earlier, thus • actual deployment is earlier WMD CST still must wait for formal notification prior to actual deployment

9. Conclusion The State of New York’s two WMD CSTs; the 2nd WMD CST and the 24th WMD CST, as a whole, have “absolutely” enhancedtheir effectiveness and relevancy in supporting the state’s civil authorities in response to a WMD related (or potential WMD related) event resulting in improved overall protection.