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Middle East

Middle East. Governments. Unitary Confederation Federal Autocracy Oligarchy Democracy Parliamentary Democracy Presidential Democracy. People vote for Parliamentary members Local governments hold the power Rule by the people Rule by a few Rule by one

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Middle East

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  1. Middle East Governments

  2. Unitary Confederation Federal Autocracy Oligarchy Democracy Parliamentary Democracy Presidential Democracy People vote for Parliamentary members Local governments hold the power Rule by the people Rule by a few Rule by one The central government holds all the power Power is shared by central and local governments People vote for the president separately from the legislature. Review! Match the word and definition.

  3. Answers to Review • F • B • G • E • D • C • A • H How did you do?

  4. Vocabulary: write voc words on your voc. cards. • Knesset: The Israeli Parliament • Monarchy: Rule by a king or a queen • AbsoluteMonarchy: type of government in which the King, queen, or emperor has unlimited power • Theocracy: a type of government in which God is seen as the true leader and religious leaders serve as the political leaders • TheocraticRepublic: a type of government which has both religious leaders serving as political leaders and a popularly elected president and legislature • Autocracy: a type of government in which the ruler has absolute power to do whatever he wishes and make and enforce whatever laws he chooses; rule by one

  5. Vocabulary • Oligarchy: type of government in which a political party or other small group takes over a government and makes all the major decisions; government by the few • Democracy: a type of government in which people play a much greater role in deciding who the leaders are and what decisions are made; rule by the people • Unicameral: One legislative house • Federal: a political system in which power is shared between the national (central) and local governments • ShariaLaw: The law as stated in Islam's holy book, the Qur'an • ConstitutionalMonarchy: type of government in which the power of the king or queen is limited by a constitution

  6. Vocabulary • Presidential: In this type of democratic government, people elect the president and the legislature separately. • TotalitarianDictatorship: The ideas of a single leader are glorified; the government is not responsible to the people and tries to control all aspects of citizens' lives. • Confederation: a political system in which the local governments hold all the power and the central government depends on the local governments for its existence • Unitary: in this political system, the central government holds all the power; local governments are under the control of the central government. • Parliamentary: a democratic form of government in which the people vote for those who represent the political party they feel best represents their views of how the government should operate (member of parliament) • Ayatollah: a Shi’a religious leader

  7. GPS and E.Q. • GPS SS7CG4a. Describe the ways government systems distribute power: unitary, confederation, federal. • E.Q. How do government systems distribute power?

  8. Ways Government Distributes Power Unitary Central has all power Regional Authority Regional Authority Central Authority Regional Authority Regional Authority

  9. Unitary (Uni- means 1; all power is in 1 place) • Power is held by the national (central) government. • Local governments, if any, are under the national government’s control. • Example: Saudi Arabia King Hamad Bin Isa Al-Khalifa

  10. Ways Government Distributes Power Confederation Regional/Local has all power Regional Authority Regional Authority Central Authority Regional Authority Regional Authority

  11. Confederation • The local governments hold all the power. • The central government has only as much power as the local governments are willing to give. • Nowadays - countries form confederations to band together for a specific purpose. • Examples • the League of Arab States • OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) OPEC

  12. Ways Government Distributes Power Federation / Federal Divided/Shared Power Regional Authority Regional Authority Central Authority Regional Authority Regional Authority

  13. Federal • Power is shared or divided among different levels of government. • The central or national government has morepower than the local governments. • Example: Israel

  14. Ways Government Distributes Power All key powers are held by the central government State/regional authorities hold most of the power Unitary Strong central government Weaker central government Federal Confederation

  15. Sample Test Question In Nigeria’s government, power is divided between Central and regional authorities. This is an example of which government type? A. Unitary B. Confederation C. Federal Federal Corresponds to SS6- CG1a, CG4a, CG6a SS7- CG1a , CG4a, CG6a

  16. CRCT Test Prep pages 98-99 282. In a unitary government system, most of the power is in the hands of the A. individual voters B. king and advisors C. local governments D. central government D. Central government

  17. CRCT Test Prep pages 98-99 283. Which of the following countries would be a good example of a unitary government? A. Israel B. Lebanon C. Saudi Arabia D. the United States C. Saudi Arabia

  18. CRCT Test Prep pages 98-99 284. In a confederation government system, most of the power is in the hands of the A. legislature B. Individual voters C. Local governments D. Central government C. Local governments

  19. CRCT Test Prep pages 98-99 285. What is a weakness of a confederation government system? A. A confederation is very expensive. B. Confederations are too large to rule effectively. C. A confederation does not share power with its members. D. The central government has only as much power as the local governments are willing to give. D. The central government has only as much power as the local governments are willing to give.

  20. CRCT Test Prep pages 98-99 286. Which Southwest Asian country would be a good example of a federal system of government? A. Iran B. Israel C. Kuwait D. Saudi Arabia B. Israel

  21. GPS and E.Q. • GPS SS7CG4b. Explain how governments determine citizen participation: autocratic, oligarchic, and democratic. • E.Q. How do governments determine citizen participation?

  22. How Governments Determine Citizen Participation High Participation High Participation General Citizens’ Participation Select Citizens’ Participation Citizen Participation Government Power Government Power Citizen Participation Government Power Low or No Participation Low or No Participation Low or No Participation Autocratic Oligarchic Democracy

  23. How Governments Determine Citizen Participation Autocratic One person possesses unlimited power. The citizen has limited, if any, role in government.

  24. How Governments Determine Citizen Participation Autocratic • The oldest form of government. • One of the most common forms of government. • Maintain power through inheritance or ruthless use of military and police power.

  25. How Governments Determine Citizen Participation Forms of Autocratic Govts. • Absolute or Totalitarian Dictatorship • Ideas of a single leader glorified. • Government tries to control all aspects of social and economic life. • Government is not responsible to the people. • People lack the power to limit their rulers. Examples- Hitler, Mussolini, Stalin

  26. How Governments Determine Citizen Participation Forms of Autocratic Govts. • Absolute Monarchy • King, queen, or emperor exercises the supreme powers of government/unlimited power. • Position is usually inherited. • People lack the power to limit their rulers. • Absolute monarchs are rare today but from the 1400s to the 1700s they ruled most of Western Europe. • Examples- King of Saudi Arabia.

  27. How Governments Determine Citizen Participation Oligarchy Government by the few. Sometimes a small group exercises control, especially for corrupt and selfish purposes. The citizen has a very limited role.

  28. How Governments Determine Citizen Participation Oligarchy • The group gets its power from military power, social power, wealth, religion or a combination. • Political opposition is usually suppressed- sometimes violently. • Examples: • Syria – ruling political party makes most decisions • Iran – small group of religious and political leaders makes many of the decisions

  29. How Governments Determine Citizen Participation Autocracy & Oligarchy • Sometimes claim they rule for the people. • In reality, the people have very little say in both types of government. • Examples- May hold elections with only one candidate or control the results in various ways. • Examples- Even when these governments have a legislature or national assembly, they often only approve decisions made by the leaders.

  30. How Governments Determine Citizen Participation Democracy • People play a greater role in deciding who the leaders are and what decisions are made. • Decisions are often made by majority vote, but laws are in place to protect individuals. • Examples- Israel

  31. Sample Test Question What is a basic way citizens of a democratic nation can influence the government? A. voting B. working C. obeying laws D. consuming goods voting OAS Database Question - Corresponds to SS6- CG1b, CG4b, CG6b SS7- CG1b , CG4b, CG6b

  32. CRCT Test Prep pages 99-100 287. Who makes most of the important governmental decisions in an autocracy? A. the ruler B. the people C. the court system D. the elected legislature A. The ruler

  33. CRCT Test Prep pages 99-100 288. Which Southwest Asian country could be described as an autocracy? A. Iraq B. Israel C. Turkey D. Saudi Arabia D. Saudi Arabia

  34. CRCT Test Prep pages 99-100 289. Who makes most of the important governmental decisions in an oligarchy? A. the king B. the people C. the legislature D. a small group of powerful leaders D. A small group of powerful leaders

  35. CRCT Test Prep pages 99-100 290. Why do the individual voters have more power in a democracy than they do in an autocracy or an oligarchy? A. kings are always cruel rulers. B. The voters get to choose the people who make the laws. C. All of the power stays in the hands of the local governments. D. Voters in democratic countries always choose qualified leaders. B. The voters get to choose the people who make the laws.

  36. CRCT Test Prep pages 99-100 291. Which Southwest Asian country has a democratic form of government? A. Iran B. Israel C. Kuwait D. Saudi Arabia B. Israel

  37. CRCT Test Prep pages 99-100 292. If the Saudi royal family controls the government of Saudi Arabia, and the king is the ruler, what type of government is this? A. unitary B. federation C. confederation D. parliamentary A. unitary

  38. CRCT Test Prep pages 99-100 293. If the Saudi royal family controls the government of Saudi Arabia, and the king is the ruler, which best describes Saudi Arabia’s government? A. democracy B. dictatorship C. monarchy D. oligarchy C. monarchy

  39. GPS and E.Q. • GPS SS7CG4c. Describe the 2 predominate forms of democratic governments: parliamentary and presidential. • E.Q. How do parliamentary and presidential democracies compare?

  40. Parliamentary Democracy • People elect legislature or parliament (law-makers). • Executive leaders (prime ministers or premiers) are chosen in different ways in different countries. • Leaders may be voted out before the end of their term if their political party loses power. • In Israel, the political party in Parliament with the most members chooses the prime minister.

  41. Presidential Democracy • Also called Congressional Form of Government. • President is chosen separately from legislature (lawmakers) • President is chief executive and head of state. • It is the duty of the president to see that the laws passed by the legislature are enforced. • Presidents do not lose their job if their political party loses power.

  42. Main Difference Between Presidential and Parliamentary Democracies • Parliamentary: voters elect Parliament (legislature). • Presidential: voters elect Congress (legislature) AND President.

  43. Sample Test Question In which system of government does the legislature select the executive leader of the government? A. democratic B. communist C. parliamentary D. Totalitarian parliamentary OAS Database Question - Corresponds to SS6- CG1c, CG4c, CG6c SS7- CG1c , CG4c, CG6c

  44. Sample Test Question Which statement about Israel’s parliamentary system of government today is true? A. Members of both houses of Parliament are elected for life. B. The queen decides which laws Parliament will debate. C. Members of Parliament do not belong to political parties. D. The prime minister is not directly chosen by voters. D OAS Database Question - Corresponds to SS6- CG1c, CG4c, CG6c SS7- CG1c , CG4c, CG6c

  45. CRCT Test Prep pages 101-102 294. Which branch of government is responsible for making and carrying out the laws in a parliamentary system of government? A. executive B. judicial C. legislative D. the monarch C. legislative

  46. CRCT Test Prep pages 101-102 295. The leader of a parliamentary system is often called the A. king B. president. C. governor. D. prime minister. D. Prime minister.

  47. CRCT Test Prep pages 101-102 296. The leader of a parliamentary system is chosen by? A. the king B. a popular vote of the people C. a decision of the national courts D. the political party with the most representatives in the legislature D. The political party with the most representatives in the legislature

  48. CRCT Test Prep pages 101-102 297. The Head of State in a parliamentary system is often a person who has A. no actual power. B. a veto for laws passed by the legislature. C. the most power in the national government. D. a ceremonial role without much actual power. D. A ceremonial role without much actual power.

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