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1. Time and Sequence in Literature
2. Time and Sequence What do we think this means?
3. Time and Sequence- your ideas!
4. Time All stories have aspects of time
Time can be covered by the events within the story
The time also refers to the time period in which the story is set in
5. Sequence Sequence refers to the order of events in a text
One order of sequence is chronological- stories/ events as they happen
Once upon a time...
They lived happily ever after
6. Task 1 On your desk you have envelopes
There are strips with sentences on them
They tell the story of Cinderella
Piece them together
See if you can work out the sequence
7. Sequence In this way then, sequence is embedded, within every story
We need and require some sort of sequence or order in stories from when we are very young
8. Task Detective Story- which other order can these events happen in without use of analepsis (flashback) or prolepsis (flash forward)?
A murder is planned for a certain motive
A body is found which yields evidence
Detective pursues a number of clues and identifies the killer
A violent shoot out leads to the death of the villain
This leads to another revenge killing
9. Chronological This sequence could be presented in different ways
Chronology is the order in which things happen
As seen by the previous exercise, things can take place, but in different orders
To one writer chronology will mean an order of events- we read about them as they happen
10. Critics Corner In some narrative, events are strictly told in the order in which they occur. But they may also be told out of order, for example, using flashback to fill in an important part of a characters life...- Teresa Bridgeman
11. Critics Corner ...plot serves a story by departing from the chronological order of its events, or expanding on some events while rushing through others, or returning to them, sometimes repeatedly...plot rearranges, expands, contracts, or repeats events of the story...By such temporal delays, concealments and confusions, plot enriches the experience of what would otherwise be just a story.- H Porter Abbot
12. Critics Corner Through time shift, narrative avoids presenting life as just one damn thing after another, an allows us to make connections of causality and irony between widely separated events- David Lodge
13. Critic Comments Try to include them where possible
Make judgements about time and sequence and offer your thoughts
Make sure to justify them though!
14. Time and Sequence in poetry and novels This is a little easier and a briefer exercise
In novels we need to establish some idea of place time and people
Poems leave lots of gaps and we must fill them
With novels we have to be a little more specific
15. The Patriot When is this poem set historically?
What meanings can you find in the subtitle, An Old Story?
What specific references to time are made?
How does understanding the poems use of time and sequence open up possible meanings in the poem?
16. The Patriot There are few clues as to when this poem is set historically. Archaic terms and use of olden words suggest it is in the past but a specific time period is not pinned down
Subtitle is ambiguous- why?
Clear- timescale. The voice tells us about then and now. On his way to the scaffold near Shambles Gate (butchering took place) where possible criminals were known to be led to
Has the narrator changed or have the public changed?
17. Thinking points Novels
What timescale is covered?
At point in the timescale does the first chapter begin?
At what point in time does the novel end, and is the story complete at this point?
How significant is time?
18. The Dog... How does Haddon use time in this post modern novel?
Why is this significant?
Which chapters does he start with time?
How else does he use time in the novel?
19. Time and Sequence
How does Haddon sequence the novel?
What is the overall structure?
How does he arrange the chapters?
Why is this significant?
20. Pride and Prejudice
21. Pride and Prejudice Regency England is the broader setting
Novel takes place over a year and a couple of months
Begins in October- December of the following year
Beginning in 1811 and concluding in 1812
Look at the handout which show how time and chronology come together.
http://jimandellen.org/austen/p&p.calendar.html
22. Mariner How does Coleridge use time in the poem?
Think about the moon and sun
Consider the everlasting time
Does Coleridge mention days specifically?
23. Sequence in the Mariner How is the poem sequenced?
What is the significance of this sequencing?
What did Coleridge say about the sequencing of this poem?
Why does he use a specific sequence?