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IB Biology

IB Biology. Ecology Unit Option G1 – G2 Selected Topics. Competitive Exclusion. No two species in a community can occupy the same niche. Species B niche. Species A niche. Fundamental vs. Realized Niche.

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IB Biology

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  1. IB Biology Ecology Unit Option G1 – G2 Selected Topics

  2. Competitive Exclusion • No two species in a community can occupy the same niche Species B niche Species A niche

  3. Fundamental vs. Realized Niche • Fundamental Niche: the potential mode of existence, given the adaptation of the species • Realized Niche: the actual mode of existence, which results from its adaptations and competition with other species Fundamental Niche Competition II Competition I Realized Niche Competition III

  4. Biomass • Total dry mass of organic matter of living organisms (measured in g m-2 yr-1) • A table can be used to determine biomass of living organisms based on their weight (how do you suppose this is made?) • Can be calculated for large areas by random selection of a sample ecosystem subdivision • Sample plot can be measured thoroughly and a table can be used or… • Sample plot organic matter could be collected, dried, and weighed

  5. Primary Succession • Occurs when plants begin growing on previously lifeless areas. (i.e. volcanic island) • Little to no soil • Lichens (decompose thin layers of rock) • Pioneering plants • Mosses • Soil buildup • Low productivity

  6. Secondary Succession • New group of organisms takes over after a dramatic environmental change (forest fire, flood, etc…) • Soil already present • Faster process • High productivity http://www.offwell.free-online.co.uk/successn/primary2.htm

  7. Organisms effect on the abiotic environment • Increase in organic matter • Soil depth • Erosion • Soil structure • Mineral recycling

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