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Taste & Smell

Taste & Smell. Nose Sensors in the Olfactory Epithelium Many uses, including food location. Mouth, & many places Taste buds SCC Primarily for feeding. Smell vs. Taste?. Smell. Water Flow. Olfactory Epithelium. Flaps direct water through the nares and over the olfactory epithelium.

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Taste & Smell

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  1. Taste & Smell

  2. Nose Sensors in the Olfactory Epithelium Many uses, including food location Mouth, & many places Taste buds SCC Primarily for feeding Smell vs. Taste?

  3. Smell

  4. Water Flow Olfactory Epithelium

  5. Flaps direct water through the nares and over the olfactory epithelium Water Flow Flaps

  6. Smell not important Relies Heavily On Smell

  7. Molecules Whooshing by in the Water Nerves to the brain Ciliated Cells Olfactory Epithelium

  8. Lock and Key

  9. Every Odor Molecule is a Little Bit Different

  10. Molecule “ keys” fit in olfactory cell “locks” and the fish perceives the smell of red squares, yellow circles, and purple triangles. This fish can’t smell or . Nerves to the brain

  11. What Can Fish Smell?

  12. 0 50 0 50

  13. Amino acids: The building blocks of protein. Some amino acids are more stimulatory than others. • Steroids: Some fish are highly sensitive to hormones especially those related to reproductive activities • Prostaglandins: Hormones released by female fish upon ovulation.

  14. Amino acids at concentrations of 1 part in 200,000,000,000 steroid hormones at 1 in 30,000,000,000,000

  15. 1 in 200 billion = 6 mg/acre-ft 800,000,000,000,000 molecules/tsp 1 in 30 Trillion = 0.04mg/ acre ft 5,600,000,000 molecules/tsp

  16. Taste

  17. Water Taste Bud Epidermis Nerve Dermis

  18. What Can They Taste ?

  19. What Can They Taste ? • sweet, sour, bitter, salty, uma • Amino acids • Steroids: Sex hormones • Organic acids and nucleotides: • Carbon Dioxide: ?? • Peptide toxins: Like marine puffer toxin

  20. SCC: The Other Taste Sensors

  21. Solitary Chemoreceptor Cells: SCC • Dispersed on external surface of fish as well as on gills and in the oral cavity. • These cells are sensitive to amino acids in some species but not others. • They are especially adept at detecting fish mucus and some organic acids.

  22. Rockling • 6 million SCC • dorsal fin • Prey detection

  23. Sea Robin

  24. Dorsal fin -Mucus and bile -Predator avoidance

  25. 100 per square millimeter on minnows and carp!

  26. Smell in Action

  27. Salmon Migration

  28. Yukon River 2,300 miles

  29. Yukon River

  30. Pacific Snake River Headwaters

  31. Life Cycles

  32. Eggs: found in a redd • Alevin: fry with yolk • Parr: Fingerlings in fresh water, black bars • Smolt: Fingerling ready for the sea, silver • Adult: In the sea

  33. Parr Spawns and then dies

  34. Does not die, returns to the sea

  35. Alevin

  36. Alevin

  37. Parr

  38. Parr Parr

  39. Smolt Parr

  40. How do Salmon Find Their Way Home?

  41. Smell

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