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WHAT CAUSES THE SEASONS AND ASSOCIATED CHANGES IN INSOLATION?

WHAT CAUSES THE SEASONS AND ASSOCIATED CHANGES IN INSOLATION?. September 21. December 22. June 21. SUN. March 21. WHAT DO WE KNOW SO FAR?. March & September 21. N. Sun on horizon z = 90°. Noon z = Lat. Arctic C. S U N. Cancer. Equator. Sun overhead z = 0°. Capricorn.

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WHAT CAUSES THE SEASONS AND ASSOCIATED CHANGES IN INSOLATION?

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  1. WHAT CAUSES THE SEASONS AND ASSOCIATED CHANGES IN INSOLATION?

  2. September 21 December 22 June 21 SUN March 21

  3. WHAT DO WE KNOW SO FAR? March & September 21 N Sun on horizon z = 90° Noon z = Lat Arctic C. S U N Cancer Equator Sun overhead z = 0° Capricorn Antarctic C. Sun on horizon z = 90° S Gainesville, 29.5°N Southampton, 52°N Perth, W.A., 32°S Zenith Angle at noon on these two days is exactly equal to a location’s Latitude.

  4. September 21 December 22 June 21 N SUN S March 21

  5. June 21 N Sun on horizon z = 90° S U N S Cancer Equator U Sun overhead z = 0° N Antarctic s Sun on horizon z = 90°

  6. June 21 N Sun on horizon z = 90° S U N S Cancer Equator U Sun overhead z = 0° N Equator: z = 23.5° Antarctic s Sun on horizon z = 90°

  7. WHERE IS THE SUN OVERHEAD (z=0) AT NOON? June 21 N Sun on horizon z = 90° S U N S Cancer Equator 23.5°N U Sun overhead z = 0° N Antarctic s Sun on horizon z = 90°

  8. WHAT IS NOONTIME Z IN GAINESVILLE? June 21 N Sun on horizon z = 90° S U N S Cancer Z = <29.5° = 29.5 – 23.5 = 6° Equator U Sun overhead z = 0° Lat = 29.5° N Antarctic s Sun on horizon z = 90° Small Zenith Angle: Sun CloseTo Overhead – Higher Proportion of Solar Constant – More Energy – HOT!

  9. WHAT IS NOONTIME Z IN SOUTHAMPTON? June 21 N Sun on horizon z = 90° S U N S Cancer Z = <52° = 52 – 23.5 = 28.5° Equator U Sun overhead z = 0° Lat = 52°N N Antarctic s Sun on horizon z = 90° Small Zenith Angle: Sun CloserTo Overhead – Higher Proportion of Solar Constant – More Energy – WARM!

  10. WHAT IS NOONTIME Z IN PERTH, W.A.? June 21 N Sun on horizon z = 90° S U N S Cancer Equator U Sun overhead z = 0° Lat = 32°S Z = >32° = 32 + 23.5 = 8.5° N Antarctic s Sun on horizon z = 90° Large Zenith Angle: Sun Further From Overhead – Lower Proportion of Solar Constant – Less Energy – COOLER!

  11. September 21 December 22 June 21 N SUN S March 21

  12. WHERE IS THE SUN OVERHEAD AT NOON? December 22 N Sun on horizon z = 90° S U N S Arctic Z = >0° = 0 + 23.5 = 23.5° U Sun overhead z = 0° Equator Capricorn N 23.5°S Sun on horizon z = 90° s

  13. WHAT IS ZENITH ANGLE AT GAINESVILLE? December 22 N Sun on horizon z = 90° Z = >29.5° = 29.5 + 23.5 = 53° S U N S Arctic U Sun overhead z = 0° Equator Capricorn N Sun on horizon z = 90° s

  14. WHAT IS ZENITH ANGLE AT SOUTHAMPTON? December 22 N Sun on horizon z = 90° S U N Z = >52° = 52 + 23.5 = 75.5° S Arctic U Sun overhead z = 0° Equator Capricorn N Sun on horizon z = 90° s

  15. WHAT IS ZENITH ANGLE AT PERTH, W.A.? December 22 N Sun on horizon z = 90° S U N S Arctic U Sun overhead z = 0° Equator Z = < 32° = 32 - 23.5 = 23.5° Capricorn N Sun on horizon z = 90° s

  16. BOTTOM LINE

  17. BOTTOM LINE March and September: Z at noon – Lat.

  18. BOTTOM LINE March and September: Z at noon = Lat. Summer (Jun. in N, Dec. in S): Z at noon = Lat -23.5°

  19. BOTTOM LINE March and September: Z at noon = Lat. Summer (Jun. in N, Dec. in S): Z at noon = Lat -23.5° Winter (Dec. in N, Jun. in S): Z at noon = Lat +23.5°

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