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COMPUTER ORGANIZATION

Chapter-3. Md. Mahtab Ullah Instructor Department of Computer. COMPUTER ORGANIZATION. Topics. The basic operations of digital computers Draw the block diagram of a digital computer The functions of each unit of the digital computer The term hardware, software, and firmware

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COMPUTER ORGANIZATION

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  1. Chapter-3 Md. Mahtab Ullah Instructor Department of Computer COMPUTER ORGANIZATION

  2. Topics • The basic operations of digital computers • Draw the block diagram of a digital computer • The functions of each unit of the digital computer • The term hardware, software, and firmware • The name of minimum hardware elements of a PC.

  3. Basic operations of digital computers • Computer Operations The computer is an electronic machine that performs the following five basic operations: –Input –Process –Output –Store –Control

  4. Basic operations of digital computers Computer Operations Input • It is the process of capturing or acquiring the information, or it Is the process of accepting data or information, by using input the computer can do any process. •Information or data that is entered in to a computer or computer device using an input device

  5. Basic operations of digital computers Processing •It is the transformation process to convert the input in to output. •A process is an instance of running a program. •It cause the computer to follow instructions from the Memory. •Perform by Central Processing Unit(CPU).

  6. Basic operations of digital computers Processing The CPU has three parts: –Arithmetic / Logic Unit(ALU) –Control Unit –Input / Output Unit(I/O)

  7. Basic operations of digital computers Computer Output •It is the result, which comes from the transformation process or it is the outcome of the process. •Anything that comes out of a computer. Example: –Report –Music –Graphic –Video clip

  8. Basic operations of digital computers • Storing • It is the process of storing or retaining the data or information or instructions, so that the user can retain and retrieve it when ever required. • Capability to store information after processing. • Storage are used to store programs and data when they are not being used in memory

  9. Basic operations of digital computers Controlling • It is the process of directing the manner and sequence in which all the operations are to be performed.

  10. Block diagram of a digital computer

  11. Hardware, software, and firmware • Hardware:The physical components of computers are called hardware such as input devices, output devices, processing devices, memory devices etc. It provides shape and size and support software for proper functioning. Registers, CPU, Hard Disk, Floppy Disk, Printers, and Mouse etc which are touchable, visible, replaceable electromechanical and electronic part of computer are hardware.Software:Software is the collection of program and other associated documents that helps to control, manage and integrate the components of computer system to accomplish a specific task. It is a non-touchable, non viable set of instructions coded in computer languages. It is a vital part of computer, without it computer is nothing. Examples are operating system, compiler and interpreter, application software etc.Firmware:Firmware is a pre written program that is stored in ROM. It configures the computer and not easily modified by users. The instructions coded in BIOS (Basic Input Output Service) are example of Firmware. Firmware ROM contains loader program to load a program into memory.

  12. Minimum hardware elements of a PC. Processor - 4th Gen. Intel Core i5 4570 3.2GHz, Chipset - Gigabyte B85 G1-Sniper-B5 LGA1150 Socket 4TH Gen, RAM (MB) - 4GB, DDR3 RAM, HDD (GB) - 1000GB,SATA, Monitor - 18.5", LED Display Wide, Optical Device - DVD Writer, Graphics - Gigabyte R5450 DDR3 1GB Graphics Card, Audio - Onboard, Speaker - Speaker 2:1 Subwoofer, Keyboard - Keyboard, Mouse - Mouse, Casing - ATX Thermal

  13. Thank you

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