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1789: THE FRENCH ------- REVOLUTION Background Causes

1789: THE FRENCH ------- REVOLUTION Background Causes. 1st Background Cause: POLIT ICAL SYSTEM Absolu te Monarchy: Reign of King Louis XVI. Reign of Louis XVI:. ABSOLUTE MONARCHY NOBLES HOLD SPECIAL POSITIONS ORDINARY PEOPLE HAVE NO POWER. KING LOUIS XVI. WEAK FOOLISH

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1789: THE FRENCH ------- REVOLUTION Background Causes

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  1. 1789: THE FRENCH -------REVOLUTION Background Causes

  2. 1st Background Cause: POLITICAL SYSTEM Absolute Monarchy: Reign of King Louis XVI

  3. Reign of Louis XVI: • ABSOLUTE MONARCHY • NOBLES HOLD SPECIAL POSITIONS • ORDINARY PEOPLE HAVE NO POWER

  4. KING LOUIS XVI • WEAK • FOOLISH • INDECI-SIVE

  5. MARIE ANTOINETTE • FOREIGN • FOOLISH • EXTRAVA-GANT

  6. 2nd Background Cause: SOCIAL SYSTEM-- the Estates of France

  7. Social Divisions First Estate Second Estate Third Estate

  8. THE FIRST ESTATE CLERGY: • Owned 20% of the land • Paid no tax • Tithes

  9. SECOND ESTATE NOBLES: • 25% of land • Paid no taxes • Feudal dues • Positions

  10. THE THIRD ESTATE THE REST • 97% • Middle Class • City Workers • Peasants

  11. GRIEVANCES OF THE THIRD ESTATE • Paid most of the taxes • Peasants paid Feudal dues • High price of food (bread) • Few positions of influence • No power in the government

  12. 3rd Background Cause: THEENLIGHTENMENT

  13. The Enlightenment A) Enlightenment thinkers were against absolute monarchy. B)They believed in progress and political change to improve society. C) They also emphasized equality.

  14. The Enlightenment Encouraged... • Questioning the System • Expectations for Change • Demands for changes to the government • Revolutionary action

  15. 4th Background Cause: THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION

  16. American Revolution • Inspiration • Leaders - Lafayette • Debt

  17. 5th Background Cause: THE FINANCIAL CRISIS

  18. ROYAL SPENDING • Louis XIV • Versailles • Wars • Favors to the Nobles

  19. National Budget of France Interest on the Debt Everything Else Military COURT

  20. Solutions Refused Jacques Necker • Reduce Spending • Tax Nobles

  21. FATEFUL DECISION: • King decides to call theEstates General • Purpose: to raise thetaxes needed to pay off the debt • The Revolution will begin

  22. 1789: the End of the Beginning ...

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