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SST

Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction, Climate Variability & Change Shang-Ping Xie Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD. Surface vector wind. Convection. Ocean processes. SST. Observed with combined scatterometer & AMSR. 50-year change in SST (contour) and precipitation.

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SST

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  1. Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction, Climate Variability & ChangeShang-Ping XieScripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD Surface vector wind Convection Ocean processes SST Observed with combined scatterometer & AMSR

  2. 50-year change in SST (contour) and precipitation SST warming pattern determines rainfall change Negative correlation b/w wind speed and SST  WES feedback Xie et al. (2010, JC) 50-year change in SST, wind speed (ci: 0.1 m/s) & velocity

  3. Inter-model Variations SST & surface winds WES feedback Bjerknes feedback Large uncertainty exists with the SST warming pattern, related to ocean-atmosphere feedback Ma & Xie (2013, JC)

  4. OBS SLP (HadSLP2) Walker circulation change over the past 60 years (1950-2010) SST OBS cloud & surface wind (ICOADS & WASWind)

  5. CMIP3 20C3M (71 members) ERA40 HadSST3 forced MST forced NCEP/NCAR 20CR Changes inzonal SST and SLP gradients r = -0.97 (East minus west) East: 150-90oW, 5oS-5oN West: 90-150oE, 5oS-5oN HadSLP2 ICOADS SLP Tokinaga et al. (2012, Nature)

  6. Walker circulation change Global warming hiatus Results Zonal wind stress (Normalized, sign reversed) Strengthening Weakening Zonal SLP gradient (Normalized, East-West) Strengthening Weakening

  7. Summary • Wind-ocean interaction is important for ocean warming pattern and regional rainfall change; and is involved in inter-model uncertainties. • Different observational and reanalysis products disagree on Walker circulation change over the past 60 years. • Anthropogenic-forced change and natural variability co-exist and complicate detection/attribution efforts (e.g., hiatus).  Sustained, accurate wind observations that allow inter-sensor calibration.

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