World class innova tors

1. World class innovators

2. Creativity means economy? • John (2002) quoted Lenin: “At the start of twentieth century, Communism is Soviet Organization plus electricity. At the start of the twenty-first century, I suggest, ‘the new economy is creativity plus electronics”.

3. Innovation is… “Innovation is a process by which new information emerges and is concretized in a product that meets human needs”. (Nonaka & Kenney, 1991) “…is the process of taking a creative idea and turning it into a useful product, service, or method of operation” (Stephen & David, 2001) “Innovating is a process of changing, experimenting, transforming, revolutionizing…” (Robins & Coulter, 2002) “Innovation is the process of generating something new and viable that adds ‘value’ to an individual, organization or society” (Ed Benacki, 2002)

4. “Innovation is typically thought of as putting creative ideas to work. In the world of business, it connotes a new product or service or process by which an enterprise can make money or save money. In the world of science, innovators are often seen as those scientists and researchers who can convert a new substances or a new finding into a commercially viable product. Innovation has always been one of the key engines or growth for commerce and industry”. (Janszen, 2000) “Innovations means taking new ideas and turning them into corporate and marketplace” (Jeff & Richard, 2003) “Innovation refers to the process of bringing any new, problem solving idea into use. Ideas for reorganizing, cutting costs, putting in new budgetary systems, improving communication or assembling products teams are also innovations.” (Kanter, 1983)

5. Objective of INNOVATION COST QUALITY PERFORMANCE • Improvement. • Additional. • New Alan G. Robinson & Sam Stern (1998). Corporate Creativity: How Innovation & Improvement Actually Happen.

6. Type of INNOVATION 1. SOCIAL INNOVATION Efficiency innovation - Kwik-Fit (tyre & exhaust service), Toyota & JIT, Benetton & ‘colourless fabric’, Ramly Burger & small outlet etc. 2. TECHNICAL INNOVATION • Evolutionary innovation (incremental) - RAM, mobile phone etc. • Revolutionary innovation (radical) - new RAM, new xerox machine etc. Additional reading: Clayton M. Christensen (2000). Innovation & The General Manager.

7. Akio Morita

8. Morita, a technoentrepreneur • Morita & Ibuka found Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha (TTK). • 1958: TTK became Sony Corp. • Tape recorder, 1st transistor TV, colour TV, walkman, VCR, CD player, VAIO laptop & PlayStation. • Morita as a ‘big 5’ of ASIAN OF THE CENTURY by Asiaweek magazine.

9. Masaru Ibuka

10. Alec Feiner • Feiner: “I wanted to do something useful and new and simple. To me, simplicity is the most elegant thing, To reduce the most complex to the most simple has great importance to me... The hardest thing is to have courage in your own mental powers, So the hardest invention is the first one. Later on, you have the fear that you will lose that creative power.” • ‘Ferreed’ crosspoint is one of his important invention.

11. Innovator vs scientist • The phrase of Nobel Prize in sciences: Inventas vitam juvat excoluisse per artes (And they who bettered life on earth by new-found mastery). • However, Nobel Prize in sciences is not for the innovator but for the scientist.

12. Creative & innovative organisation • O’Connor (1995): “…creative organisations as those are consistently able to develop or utilize original ideas processes ,or relationship in such a way that they contribute to the organisation’s success.” continue…

13. “First by results, in that people are continuously developing new and marketable products and services in a way that makes business sense. Second by observation, there is an air of excitement and enthusiasm, people are exploring and developing ideas and alternatives. Management have the problem of too many good ideas and projects to consider in the time available!

14. Thirdly, individuals are taking powerful personal initiatives and thinking for themselves. They are making independent links to other departments, to outside organisations and talking and listening actively to each other. They are constantly testing and challenging the assumptions about what is possible and not possible with constructive alternatives also suggested. Fourthly, by everyone enjoying being successful.”

15. Benefit • Roffe (1999): “It is reasonable premise that every firm aspires to become more creative and innovative, not simply for the influences of global forces, but because of the beneficial outcomes on its business and its prospects.”

16. Climate • Ekvall (1999, with modification): • Sources (man, building, machine, capital, product, know-how etc) -> CLIMATE -> Organisational & psychological process -> Innovation (as well as quality, satisfaction etc.) • Team and organisational context.

17. Madison (2002): “People are likely to feel very frustrated if their organization doesn’t value creative thinking.”

18. Petty (1997): “Your management make clear how important your job is, mainly by showing genuine appreciation when you do it well. You find the job demanding and interesting, you feel read responsibility for what you do and have a genuine sense of identity within the organisation. You are stretched, so you learn and grow to our self-esteem rises significantly, as does your motivation. You are likely be committed and loyal. You enjoy the word and feel a need to do the job well .”

19. Morita: “The purpose is to create an ideal workplace, free, dynamic and joyous, where dedicated engineers will be able to realize their craft and skills at the highest possible level. We shall eliminate any untoward profit-seeking and shall constantly emphasize activities of real substance.”

20. Google’s points of innovation • Innovation, not instant perfection. • Ideas come from everywhere (even from a 12-year old girl.

21. Big ego? • Adair (1999): “Creative people are often regarded as difficult or impossible to manage; some are often seen as ‘big egos’ and as ‘prima donnas’.” • Solutions?

22. 31 000 patents since 1925. • Produced 11 Nobel laureates. • Bell Labs was founded by Alexander Graham Bell. • After 1800: AT&T took over. • 2006: Lucent Technologies (former was known as AT&T) combined with Alcatel. • Important product: Fibred optic network.

23. Other innovative companies • • Zenith Media (Advertisement). • • The British Museum (Art). • • Nestle (Food). • • Dior, Givenchy, Kenzo, Lacroix (Fashion). • • Universal Studio (Film). • • Polygram (Music). • • HBO (Entertainment). • • Pearson (Books). • • Nintendo (Video games).