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Groups of Minerals

Liz LaRosa 5 th grade science www.middleschoolscience.com 2010. Groups of Minerals. Mineral Groups - Notes. As you view the slides, write your notes into the graphic organizers. Include all the information from each slide into the appropriate boxes. Write neatly and carefully.

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Groups of Minerals

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  1. Liz LaRosa 5th grade science www.middleschoolscience.com 2010 Groups of Minerals

  2. Mineral Groups - Notes • As you view the slides, write your notes into the graphic organizers. • Include all the information from each slide into the appropriate boxes. Write neatly and carefully. • You will not be expected to memorize this information, but this information will be used as a reference throughout our mineral unit and help you become familiar with the different types of minerals that exist.

  3. Mineral Groups • Minerals are divided into groups based on their chemical composition • The two main groups all minerals can be classified into are: • Silicates • Nonsilicates

  4. Silicates • Made of Silicon (Si) and Oxygen (O) • Example: SiO4 • Make up 90% of the Earth’s crust • Combine with elements such as Aluminum (Al), Iron (Fe), Magnesium (Mg), and Potassium (K)

  5. Silicates - Groups • Nesosilicates • Willemite – Zn2(SiO4) • found in Franklin, NJ • Garnet - A3B2(SiO4)3

  6. Silicates - Groups • Sorosilicates • Hemimorphite • Zn4(SiO4)

  7. Silicates - Groups • Cyclosilicates • Beryl • Be3Al2(Si6O18)

  8. Silicates - Groups • Inosilicates • Hornblende • (Ca,Na)2(Mg,Fe,Al)5(Al,Si)8O22 (OH)2

  9. Silicates - Groups • Phyllosilicates • Talc • Mg3(Si4O10)(OH)2

  10. Silicates - Groups • Tectosilicates • Quartz • SiO2 • Opal • SiO2.nH2O

  11. Nonsilicates • Do not contain a combination of Silicon (Si) and Oxygen (O) in their chemical composition • There are 6 groups of nonsilicates: • Native Elements • Oxides • Carbonates • Sulfates • Halides • Sulfides

  12. Native Elements • Minerals composed of only one element • Examples are: • Gold (Au) • Copper (Cu) • Silver (Ag)*

  13. Oxides • Elements combine with Oxygen (O) • Some elements that bond with O are Aluminum (Al) and Iron (Fe) • Examples of oxides: • Chromite - FeCr2O4 • Hematite* - Fe2O3

  14. Carbonates • Contain Carbon (C) and Oxygen (O) in their formulas • Examples: • Calcite - CaCO3 • Malachite* - Cu2CO3(OH)2

  15. Sulfates • Contain Sulfur and Oxygen (SO4) • Examples: • Gypsum - CaSO4.2H2O • Barite - BaSO4 • Celestite* - SrSO4

  16. Halides • Compounds formed when Fluorine (F), Chlorine (Cl), Iodine (I), or Bromine (Br) bond with Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), or Calcium (Ca) • Examples: • Halite - NaCl • Fluorite - CaF2

  17. Sulfides • Elements bonded with Sulfur (S) such as Lead (Pb), Iron (Fe), or Nickel (Ni) • Examples: • Galena - PbS • Pyrite - FeS2

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