The SemanticGov Project semantic-gov

1. The SemanticGov Projectwww.semantic-gov.org An EU Perspective: Providing Integrated Public Services to Citizens at the National and Pan-European level with the use of Emerging Semantic Web Technologies Vassillios Peristeras vassilios.peristeras@deri.org Fifth Semantic Interoperability for E-Government Conference, October 10-11, 2006

2. Overview • Introduction • Modeling the government domain • Implementations - Pilots

3. I. Introduction

4. Purpose of the SemanticGov project • To combine PA domain modelling with Semantic Web Service technologies (namely WSMO-WSML-WSMX) in order to create a Semantic Web Service enabled Public Service execution environment (namely WSMO-PA) • To check the applicability of this execution environment in National and Pan-European Public Services

5. www.semantic-gov.org SemanticGov: Providing Integrated Public Services to Citizens at the National and Pan-European level with the use of Emerging Semantic Web Technologies.SemanticGov aims at building the infrastructure (software, models, services, etc) necessary for enabling the offering of semantic web services by public administration (PA). Through this cutting edge infrastructure, SemanticGov will address longstanding challenges faced by public administrations such as achieving interoperability amongst PA agencies both within a country as well as amongst countries, easing the discovery of PA services by its customers, facilitating the execution of complex services often involving multiple PA agencies in interworkflows. More importantly, this infrastructure will exploit SemanticGov as an enabler for total reengineering of PA service provision and propose a paradigm shift of today’s modus operandi.SemanticGov Project FP6-2004-IST-4-027517 is funded by the European Commission within the INFORMATION SOCIETY TECHNOLOGIES (IST) Programme. Participants ListCentre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH) Coordinator GreeceNational University of Ireland – Digital Enterprise Research Institute (NUIG) Partner IrelandLeopold-Brazens University of Innsbruck (LFUI) Partner AustriaUniversity of Rome “La Sapienza”/DIS (UOR) Partner ItalyCAPGEMINI Partner The Netherlands SOFTWARE AG Partner GermanyOntotext (ONTO) Partner BulgariaALTEC (ALTEC) Partner GreeceGreek Ministry of the Interior, Public Administration, and Decentralization (MOI) Partner GreeceRegion of Central Macedonia (RCM) Partner GreeceCity of Torino (Citta Di Torino) Partner ItalyStarting date: January 1st, 2006Duration: 36 monthsTotal Budget: 4,375,000.00 €EU Funding: 2,720,000.00 €

6. Why Semantic Web Services in eGov?

7. II. Modeling the government domain

8. Why Domain Models? Semantic Web Domain Models “…the third basic component of the Semantic Web, (is) collections of information called ontologies” (T. B. Lee, J. Hadler, O.Lassila, The Semantic Web, Scientific America) “SWSO is a core service ontology and is domain-independent. However, it is often necessary to represent domain-specific ontologies.” (SWSO specifications) Semantic Web Services SOAs The more behavior you find in the services, the more likely you are to be robbing yourself of the benefits of a domain model. If all your logic is in services, you've robbed yourself blind. (Martin Fowler) MDD Model-driven development … represents a business-driven approach to software systems development that starts with a computation independent model (CIM) describing the business context and business requirements.” (ATHENA NoE - Specification of a Basic Architecture Reference Model)

9. Initiatives to model the PA domain

10. II. Modeling the government domain GEA = Governance Enterprise Architecture

11. Governance Enterprise Architecture (GEA) What is GEA • GEA is a generic top-level Enterprise Architecture for the overall governance system • From a MDD perspective, GEA is a Computation Independent Model (CIM) for the Public Administration domain • GEA provides Domain Description Service Description GEA provides a reusable top-level domain description, focusing on the HOW and WHAT columns of the Zachman Framework GEA provides a reference PA service description

12. GEA – Zachman Framework GEA Core

13. GEA foundations • Enterprise Architecture • Primarily Object (WHAT), Process (HOW) view • Public Administration Theory • For defining domain concepts • Speech Act Theory • Modeling the society-PA interaction as a discourse • Identifying the Informative-Performative parts of service provision • Types of Speech Acts - Types of PA services • Types of Speech Acts - Types of IS interoperability

14. An example of SAT concepts in GEA PA changes the world I declare you married Assertive PA informs and certifies the existence and the truth of certain world statesI certify you are Greek Directive PA directs society to certain states • ImperativeSmoking is prohibited - Optative Grant for a third child Determining classes of administrative acts Core Functions of Public Administration Types of Speech Acts Declarationsattempt to change the world Assertives, statements that may be judged true or false because they aim to describe a state of affairs in the world. Directives, attempts by the speaker to get the addressee to do something. Commisives commit the speaker to some future course of action. Expressives express a psychological state Declarative

15. GEA Overview Governance System Political System Administrative System Public Policy Formulation Dialogue Service Provision Society

16. The GEA Framework Formulate Public Policy Area Provide Service Area OBJECTS AREA Formulate Public Policy Objects area Provide Service Objects area PROCESSES AREA Formulate Public Policy Processes area Provide Service Processes area

17. PA Service Model PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION ENTITY has ROLE CONCEQUENCE RECEIVER SOCIETAL ENTITY SERVICE PROVIDER SERVICE COLLABORATOR EVIDENCE PROVIDER receives provides participates in INPUT uses PUBLIC SERVICE OUTCOME produces has type OTHER INPUT EVIDENCE PLACEHOLDER is governed by contains validates sets PIECE OF EVIDENCE LAW PRECONDITION receives OUTPUT EFFECT CONSEQUENCE has PURPOSE OF EVIDENCE

18. WSMO-WSML-WSMX • Web Service Modelling… • … Ontology -> WSMO • - Conceptual model for SWS: goal, ontologies, mediators, services • … Language -> WSML • Ontology Language for SWS • WSML Variants: WSML Core, WSML DL, WSML Rule, WSML Full • … Execution Environment and Architecture -> WSMX • Middle-ware platform for SWS www.wsmo.org

19. Mapping GEA to WSMO PA Service Model WSMO Service Model WSMO-PA

20. Mapping GEA to WSMO • WSMO-PA Model Direct Mapping • WSMO Goal to GEA Goal • WSMO Service to GEA Service • WSMO Precondition to GEA Precondition/Evidence • WSMO Postcondition to GEA Output/Consequence • WSMO Effect to GEA Effect • WSMO Assumption to GEA Evidence • WSMO-PA Model Partial Mapping • WSMO Model • GEA-PA Model • Actors • Needs • Consequence • Law • WSMO Model • Shared Variables • Mediator • Ontology

21. WSMO-PA Shared Variables Mediators WSML

22. WSMO-PA Service Provider Evidence Effect GEA Interface

23. II. Modeling the government domain Pan-European Public Services

24. Motivation • Pan-European Public Services (PEPS) are public services that may involve • actors, and/or • information and/or • other services • from at least two Member States irrespective of the technology used. IDABCProgramme Interoperable Delivery of European eGovernment Services to public Administrations, Business and Citizens The European Single Market The European Citizenship

25. Pan-European Public Services • a typology of Pan-European Public Services • a typology of semantic conflicts in a cross-border environment SemanticGov proposes:

26. A typology of Pan-European Public Services • A client from Member State 1 executes a Service provided by a PA agency of Member State 2 • The Input/Output of a Service executed in Member State 1 comes from/will be sent to Member State 2 • PA agencies from different Member States participate in a common workflow • The Consequences of a PEPS executed in Member State 1 should be communicated to Member State 2

27. Types of Semantic Interoperability Conflicts in Pan-European Public Service provision

28. III. Implementations - Pilots

29. Cases Presentation • Service Composition • Need2Services • Data Mediation • SemanticGov - SWS Architecture

30. Service Composition The evidence gathering workflow in PA services

31. Service Composition Matching the Evidence Placeholder with the Service Output

32. Service CompositionWorkflow automatic composition Enhanced UDDI registry implemented with the t-models mechanism (e.g. Paolucci).

33. Discovering Services PA Service-aware Needs unaware PA Needs-aware Service unaware PA N2S Converter PA PA PA PA Needs Services

34. Discovering Services Matching Clients’ Profile-to-Services Services in the GEA ontology SPARQL query for matching public services to properties The GEA ontology

35. Semantics Based Data Mediation Identifying equivalence amongst evidences for cross-country service provision Country X Country Z ID Card ID Card Number Identification of a person SSN certification SSN Identification of a person

36. Semantics Based Data Mediation Identifying equivalence amongst evidences for cross-country service provision SWRL code for matching the Greek ID Card number to the Italian Passport Number <ruleml:imp> <ruleml:_rlab ruleml:href="#TranslateCitizenIdentificationID"/> <ruleml:_head> <swrlx:datavaluedProperyAtom swrlx:property="http://research.altec.gr/OnarServer/Καταστατικο.owl#Αρ_Ταυτοτητας"> <ruleml:var>CitizenIdentificationID</ruleml:var> </swrlx:datavaluedProperyAtom> <swrlx:datavaluedProperyAtom swrlx:property="http://research.altec.gr/OnarServer/Statuto.owl#Num_di_Passaporto"> <ruleml:var>CitizenIdentificationID</ruleml:var> </swrlx:datavaluedProperyAtom> </ruleml:_head> </ruleml:imp>

37. SemanticGov top-level Architecture FromVitvar T., Kerrigan M., Overeem v. A., Peristeras V. and Tarabanis K.: Infrastructure for the Semantic Pan-European E-government Services, Proceedings of the 2006 AAAI Spring Symposium on The Semantic Web meets eGovernment (SWEG),Mar. 27-29, 2006, Stanford University, CA

38. Relevant Literature • GEA related • Peristeras V., Tarabanis K., Reengineering the public administration modus operandi through the use of reference domain models and Semantic Web Service technologies, Proceedings of the 2006 AAAI Spring Symposium on The Semantic Web meets eGovernment (SWEG), Mar. 27-29, 2006, Stanford University, California, USA • Peristeras V., Tarabanis K., Providing pan-European e-government services with the use of semantic web services technologies: a generic process model in R. Traunmüller (Ed.): Electronic Government, 4th EGOV International Conference, DEXA 2005, Copenhagen, Denmark, 22 – 25 Αug. 2005, Proceedings: Lecture Notes in Computer Science vol. 3591 Springer 2005, pp. 226-236 • Peristeras V., Tarabanis K., Governance Enterprise Architecture (GEA): Domain Models for e-Governance, 6th ACM International Conference on Electronic Commerce (ICEC’04), Delft, The Netherlands, 25-27 October 2004   • PEGS related • Peristeras V., Loutas N,. Tarabanis K., Semantic Interoperability in Pan-European Public Services, 40th HICSS, 4-10 Jan. 2007, Hawaii • Peristeras V., Tarabanis K., Knowledge Management Requirements for Pan-European Public Administration Service Delivery, in Maria A. Wimmer (Ed.) Knowledge Management in Electronic Government, 4th IFIP International Working Conference, KMGov 2003, Rhodes, Greece, May 26-28, 2003, Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2645, Springer 2003, pp. 37-47 • WSMO related • www.wsmo.org • WSMO-PA related • Xia Wang, Goudos S., Peristeras V., Vitvar T., Mocan A., Tarabanis K., WSMO-PA: Formal Specification of Public Administration Service Model on Semantic Web Service Ontology, 40th HICSS, 4-10 Jan. 2007, Hawaii • Peristeras V., Goudos S., Vitvar T., Mocan A., Tarabanis K., Towards Semantic Web Services for Public Administration based on the Web Service Modeling Ontology (WSMO) and the Governance Enterprise Architecture (GEA), 5th EGOV, DEXA 2006, Krakow, Poland. • Implementations-Pilots • Goudos S., Peristeras V., Tarabanis K., Semantic Web Application for Public Administration using OWL for Public Domain Data Knowledge Representation, WSEAS Transactions on Information Science and Applications Journal (accepted for publication) • Goudos S., Peristeras V., Tarabanis K., A Semantic Web Application for Matching a Citizen’s Profile to Entitled Public Services, ICEG 2006: The 2nd International Conference on e-Government, 12-13 October 2006, University of Pittsburgh, USA • Goudos S., Peristeras V., Tarabanis K., Mapping Citizen Profiles to Public Administration Services Using Ontology Implementations of the Governance Enterprise Architecture (GEA) models, Semantic Web for eGovernment workshop, European Semantic Web Conference (ESWC) 2006, 11th-14th June, Budva, Montenegro • General SemanticGov related • Vitvar T., Kerrigan M., Overeem v. A., Peristeras V. and Tarabanis K.: Infrastructure for the Semantic Pan-European E-government Services, poster, Proceedings of the 2006 AAAI Spring Symposium on The Semantic Web meets eGovernment (SWEG), Mar. 27-29, 2006, Stanford University, CA, USA • Vitvar T., Mocan A., Peristeras V. and Tarabanis K. (2006), Semantic-enabled Integration of Cross-border E-Government Services, poster at the 15th International World Wide Web Conference (WWW ’06), Workshop on eGovernment, 23 May 2006, Edinburg, Scotland

39. Current Status of Work • The project is just finishing its initial phase (Conceptual Analysis – Requirements). It will run until Dec. 2008. • We work on the top-level architecture to provide a full reference architecture for implementing SWS in PA environment • We apply existing WSMO tools (e.g. WSMX, WSMO Studio, etc.). Our aim is to develop PA specific plug-ins (e.g. WSMO-PA Studio). • We want to test the above, (a) in two real services as provided by a Greek and an Italian public agency, (b) in a set of laboratory cases

40. The SemanticGov Projectwww.semantic-gov.org An EU Perspective: Providing Integrated Public Services to Citizens at the National and Pan-European level with the use of Emerging Semantic Web Technologies Vassillios Peristeras vassilios.peristeras@deri.org Fifth Semantic Interoperability for E-Government Conference, October 10-11, 2006