Diversity Amid Globalization Rowntree , Lewis, Price, Wyckoff

1. Diversity Amid Globalization Rowntree, Lewis, Price, Wyckoff Fifth Edition East Asia

2. Learning Objectives Examine regional variation in urban patterns and morphology within East Asia Understand the ways in which philosophical beliefs create both coherence and diversity within the region Consider the rapid change in the economies of East Asia during the 20th and 21st centuries

3. Key Concepts Regulatory Lakes Polluting Export Anthropogenic Landscapes Central Place Theory Urban Primacy Superconurbation Ideographic Writing Confucianism Mandarins • Geomancy • Marxism • Burakumin • Autonomous Region • Samurai • “Spheres of Influence” • Shogunate • Special Economic Zones • Laissez-Faire • Rust Belt

4. Setting the Boundaries Composed of China, Japan, South Korea, North Korea, and Taiwan Historically unified culture Politically and ideologically divided

5. East Asia Figure 11.1

6. Environmental Issues – Overview Figure 11.2

7. Environmental Issues (cont’d) Flooding Loess Plateau erosion Deforestation and desertification Pollution and pollution exporting Endangered species China: Coal-fired plant Figure 11.7

8. Environmental Issues (cont’d) The Three Gorges The Huang He River Figure 11.3 Figure 11.4

9. Environmental Issues (cont’d) China: Denuded hillslopes China: Dune stabilization Figure 11.5 Figure 11.6

10. Environmental Issues – China Global impacts of Chinese pollution Largest emitter of carbon dioxide Vulnerable to political instability Embraces green energy China: Wind farm Figure 11.1.1

11. Climate Figure 11.8

12. Japan’s Physical Geography Figure 11.9

13. Japan’s Physical Environments Heavy mountain snow Forested landscapes Figure 11.10 Figure 11.11

14. China’s Physical Geography Diverse and distinct regions Landscape regions Figure 11.12 Figure 11.13 Fujian coast

15. Korea’s Physical Geography • Extensive uplands interspersed with lowland plains • Pronounced latitudinal range Figure 11.14

16. Population and Settlement Figure 11.15

17. Population and Settlement (cont’d)

18. Settlement Landscapes China: Loess settlement Japan: Urban farm Figure 11.16 Figure 11.17

19. Urban Landscapes Figure 11.22 Contemporary Shanghai Figure 11.19 Tokyo apartments

20. Urban Landscapes Tokyo neighborhoods Rural migrants flock to Chinese cities Figure 11.2.1 Figure 11.3.1

21. Urban Landscapes – China Heritage of urbanism Central Place Theory Hong Kong: autonomous region Figure 11.20 Beijing

22. Urban Landscapes – Japan Superconurbation Urban “bipolarity” Rural depopulation Transit connections Historic architecture in Kyoto Figure 11.21

23. Cultural Coherence and Diversity Ideographic writing Confucianism Mandarins Figure 11.23 Japanese writing

24. Religious Diversity Mahayana Buddhism Shinto Taoism Geomancy Minority religions Christian, Muslim Secularism and Marxism Figure 11.24 Golden Buddha statue

25. Linguistic Diversity Figure 11.25

26. Ethnic Diversity Japan: Ainu men South China: Non-Han (Tribal) villages Figure 11.28 Figure 11.26

27. The Hakka Diaspora Figure 11.27

28. Yunnan Province • Linguistically complex Figure 11.29

29. Culture in a Global Context The “Korean Wave” China: Theme park Figure 11.30 Figure 11.4.1

30. Geopolitical Framework Figure 11.31

31. Historical Extent of China Figure 11.32

32. Spheres of Influence Figure 11.34

33. Postwar Geopolitics Korea: Demilitarized Zone Tibet: Chinese soldiers Figure 11.36 Figure 11.35

34. Distinctive Landscapes Hong Kong Macao Figure 11.37 Figure 11.38

35. Economic Development Figure 11.39

36. Economic Development – Japan Boom and Bust economy Intertwined corporate economies High cost of living Low unemployment, government health care Marriage and fertility rates in decline Automobile factory Figure 11.40

37. Newly Industrialized Countries Shenzhen: one of China’s first Special Economic Zones South Korea: political protests Figure 11.41 Figure 11.42

38. Social and Regional Differentiation Figure 11.43

39. Population Policy – China One-child policy Decline in fertility rate Slow RNI Gender imbalance Labor shortages Aging population Figure 11.44 Industrial plant’s day-care center