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STARTING OFF: . Research Concepts Research Processes Component 1 . Review. Research Philosophies and Paradigms Positivist Naturalistic Postpositivist Critical Theory Other perspectives (feminist). Aims of research paradigms. Positivist Understanding underlying cause One reality
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STARTING OFF: Research Concepts Research Processes Component 1
Review • Research Philosophies and Paradigms • Positivist • Naturalistic • Postpositivist • Critical Theory • Other perspectives (feminist)
Aims of research paradigms • Positivist • Understanding underlying cause • One reality • Scientific methodology – deductive – theory proven by data • Empirical evidence (rooted in objective reality, not hunches) • Systematic • Numeric data • Generalizable • Problematic when trying to answer questions of moral or ethical perspective • Humans are not just facts and figures, but are complex. • Too narrow, too rigid at times. • Measurement is problematic for some concepts
Naturalistic • Explore the ‘humanist’ perspective • Not reductionist, but expansive, flexible • Multiple realities • Focuses on understanding human experience, not necessarily answering all questions about it • Takes time • Occurs in the ‘natural setting’ – or “field” • Inductive (observation or data to theory) – framework which helps explain process • Humans are the collection instrument • Personal and subjective – can be problematic • Typically smaller groups – generalizability not seen
COMPONENT 1 • Consists of : • Area of interest • Background to the problem you have identified • Reason this should be researched (link to practice) • Problem statement (s) • Research Question(s) • References 2 – 3 pages
Area of Interest Why do you want or why should this area be explored ? • new problem you encountered in practice, or in reading • Something you saw which has you thinking why? Or who? Or what? • Needs to be something which can be impacted by nursing (clinical, education, or administration)
BACKGROUND TO PROBLEM • What is known • Current practices • Will require some reading of literature
REASON THIS SHOULD BE RESEARCHED • ? Practice implications • Ethical implications • Knowledge development in nursing
PROBLEM STATEMENT(S) • Addresses the issue • Takes into account the background • Addresses a gap seen • Is specific but not focused
RESEARCH QUESTION(S) • Focused • Specific • Address what is being researched • Variables
REFERENCES • APA 6TH ED • If you used any references, and YOU should b/c we are not just going by hunches here.
Apa game • Groups of 3 – 4 • Each group has 1 reference. • Reassemble and write out on board • Remainder of class to correct...be careful..it MAY not be right