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Ivan Turgenev 1818-1883

Ivan Turgenev 1818-1883. Иван Тургенев. Early Years. Son of rich landowning family. Grew up on estate Spasskoe in Oryol province: the Russian heartland. educated at home, learned French, German, passable English. Spasskoe…. …and its surroundings. Student years.

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Ivan Turgenev 1818-1883

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  1. Ivan Turgenev1818-1883 Иван Тургенев

  2. Early Years • Son of rich landowning family. • Grew up on estate Spasskoe in Oryol province: the Russian heartland. • educated at home, learned French, German, passable English

  3. Spasskoe…

  4. …and its surroundings.

  5. Student years • Studied at Moscow University, then St Petersburg (1834-37). • Went to Berlin in 1838 - 1841 to study philosophy with Hegel. • Berlin and the philosophical school very great influence on young Russians of his generation. • Turgenev a Westernizer, not a Slavophile.

  6. A Fateful Meeting • 1843-1845 appointment as civil servant in St Petersburg. • 1843 Pauline Viardot comes for the season to St Petersburg. • Turgenev falls in love, becomes attached to the Viardots for the rest of his life. • Hunts with Louis, collaborates on French translations of Russian literature.

  7. First a poet… • First tries his hand at a long poem in the style of Pushkin’s Eugene Onegin. • Then turns to hunting sketches in prose, first published in The Contemporary (Современник) 1847-1851.

  8. The new Realism … • First seen in Sportsman’s Sketches (Записки охотника) • art turns its back on mythological themes, romantic scenes, important personages. • Emphasis on detail – reflection of the invention of photography. • Social conscience, depiction of scenes of country life: in France gives rise to the Barbizon school, J.-F. Millet.

  9. Jean-Francois MilletThe Gleaners / Les Glaneuses 1857

  10. The novels by le géant russe… • Turgenev later turns to novels, the best known is Fathers and Sons (1862). • His theme is Moscow and the Russian countryside rather than St Petersburg. • Moscow: the oldfashioned centre of Russian life • St Petersburg: The fantastic creation of Peter with its extremes of pomp and poverty

  11. The novels by le géant russe… • Turgenev later turns to novels, the best known is Fathers and Sons (1862). • Becomes a fixture in Paris, friend of Flaubert, Henry James, the Goncourts. • Builds a villa next to the home of the Viardots at Bougival. • Dies of cancer at Bougival in 1883.

  12. Turgenev in 1872 (Vasily Perov)

  13. From Romanticism… • symbolic representation • multiple meanings • focus on the formal aspects of the text (e.g., vocabulary, rhyme). • predominance of metaphors • fantastic occurrences • poetry as dominant genre • exotic themes

  14. … to Realism • direct, unambiguous representation • focus on the events described • predominance of metonymy – i.e. detail that gives a description • believable occurrences • prose as dominant genre • themes of everyday reality

  15. Alexei SavrasovStorm over the Kremlin

  16. Vasily PolenovA Moscow Yard

  17. “First Love” (1860) • Psychological realism • Frame tale: introduction • First-person narrative as opposed to the omniscient third-person narrative • Tale structured around the young man’s growing realization of the truth • Careful, poetic structuring into short chapters with a final, telling sentence.

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