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the European Council of Doctoral Candidates and Junior Researchers

the European Council of Doctoral Candidates and Junior Researchers. 16 th EAIE Conference, session 8.12 Doctorates – a new action in the Bologna Process Torino, 18 th October 2004. A Wide Europe for Doctoral Candidates. Renzo Rubele President of Eurodoc. What is e uro d oc ?.

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the European Council of Doctoral Candidates and Junior Researchers

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  1. the European Council of Doctoral Candidates and Junior Researchers 16th EAIE Conference, session 8.12 Doctorates – a new action in the Bologna Process Torino, 18th October2004 A Wide Europe for Doctoral Candidates Renzo Rubele President of Eurodoc

  2. What is eurodoc ? Eurodoc is the federation of the national associations of PhD candidates and young researchers in Europe Members Individual contacts Applying for membership

  3. Why was eurodoc founded ? • Bologna declaration, 1999 • Lisbon strategy, 2000,"3% objective" in R&D • Knowledge-based society: a challenge for Europe PhD candidates’ associations from Europe met in Uppsala, Sweden, in February 2001  Need for an official frame of representation and discussion at the European level 02-02-02Foundation and 1st annual meeting Eurodoc 2002 in Girona, Spain

  4. How does eurodoc work ?  7-member Board  Annual Conference (Eurodoc 2004 in Athens)  Delegates representing countries from all Europe  Workgroups for a number of priority issues: • PhD Supervision & Training •  International Mobility • Professional Future •  Labour Conditions •  Gender Equality •  Communication www.eurodoc.net

  5. Bologna Process with3 tiers « […] Ministers consider it necessary to go beyond the present focus on two main cycles of higher education to include the doctoral level as the third cycle in the Bologna Process. […] Ministers call for increased mobility at the doctoral and postdoctoral levels and encourage the institutions concerned to increase their cooperation in doctoral studies and the training of young researchers. […] » Berlin Communiqué of Ministers, 19th september 2003

  6. The doctorate as the 3rd cycle Evidence Doctoral programmes are the link between Higher Education and Research  Everywhere in Europe candidates must defend a thesis in front of a committee, with original research Problems  National and local traditions prevail – laws and rules vary a lot among departments and disciplines  To what extent might it be useful to introduce common structures? Similar practice? The ECTS credit system? The Diploma Supplement? Standards of quality and qualification frameworks?

  7. Ph.D. graduates in 2000 (absolute numbers and per million inhabitants) Source: OECD

  8. Ph.D.s in Science & Technology (w.r.t. population aged 25-34) Source: DG Research, EC Key Figures 2003-2004

  9. Pathways to a doctoratein Europe  Doctoral schools or unstructured training? Selection and admission procedures: manifold Role of the supervisor and responsibility of the institution  Quantity and quality of training: induction, development of disciplinary competences and of general professional and transferable skills Qualification frameworktargeted for endogenous (academic) perspectives or market-oriented? Assessment, programming  What is the ‘status’ of doctoral candidates? Students or workers (researchers)?

  10. Norway Ph.D. candidates:  are all workers with regular employement contracts, and related rights (and duties)  are not students, do not need any registration to take courses Enrolment in a doctoral programme:  by signing a “Ph.D. contract” where supervisors, etc. are specified  Work contract and Ph.D. contract are 2 separate things, also in time Worried about a “student-oriented” Bologna Process

  11. United Kingdom Ph.D. candidates:  are all students enrolled in a graduate programme  are tipically funded with grants by external bodies (not by the University itself)  satisfied because of:  academic freedom enjoyed  consumer’s rights Claim:  supervisor-student relationship is not that of an employer-worker, and in (most of) continental Europe this [supervision] sounds like a feudal relationship

  12. European features Germany: fragmented situation, “free” enrolment Spain: very much unsatisfied with the ‘student’ status France: worried for future prospects The Netherlands: employees, and contracted by Unions Poland: spectacular rise of Ph.D. candidates from 1,820 in 1989 to 28,272 in 2001 Russia: 2 degrees - candidate of sciences and doctor of sciences

  13. Charter for Supervision and Training of Early Stage Researchers Supervision arrangements Review Methods Confidential and Structured Feedback Mechanisms Complimentary Training  Input to the European Researchers’ Charter

  14. The mobility gradient in Europe South-north and east-west Environment for research Economic treatment Academia-industry relationships  Professional future Visibility and social role All this is true in general for the Europe-USA relationship

  15. Foreign Ph.D. candidates Source: OECD

  16. Reported obstacles to mobility  Family-related issues (10)  Financial issues (10)  Loss of reintegration prospects in the country of origin (9)  Bureaucratic/Administrative obstacles (6)  Language problems (5)  Social and Cultural problems (5)  Lack of information (5)  Difficult transfer of social benefits (4)  Lack of international networking (3)  Opposition by the supervisor (2)

  17. Which way to a European Doctorate?  Clerici vagantes  Today: European Higher Education Area, European Research Area, open market of researchers • JointDegree Programmes , “co-tutelle” arrangements, periods of research abroad, international collaborations of the research group • Bologna Process: welcomed to shed light on the existing situation and foster the debate at institutional level  Support to the project “Doctoral Programmes for the European Knowledge Society”

  18. Annual Conference Strasbourg, 10-13 march 2005 eurodoc Coming soon: http://2005.eurodoc.net Contact: board@eurodoc.net

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