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AFRICAN WORLD HERITAGE SITES AND SUSTANABLE DEVELOPMENT

“In areas like this where there is so much beauty surrounded by so much poverty, People forget that unless those around it see the benefits, they will destroy it. AFRICAN WORLD HERITAGE SITES AND SUSTANABLE DEVELOPMENT. Investing..... in Africa ̀ s heritage.

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AFRICAN WORLD HERITAGE SITES AND SUSTANABLE DEVELOPMENT

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  1. “In areas like this where there is so much beauty surrounded by so much poverty, People forget that unless those around it see the benefits, they will destroy it. AFRICAN WORLD HERITAGE SITES AND SUSTANABLE DEVELOPMENT Investing..... in Africàs heritage

  2. 911 properties world-wide inscribed (nature and culture) • Only 79 of them in Sub-Saharan Africa • But: 15 out of 34 (world-wide)Sites ‘in Danger’ in Africa • Many have adverse conservation status report- WORLD HERITAGE LIST

  3. Africa’s heritage is the most underrepresented on the World Heritage List .-credibility WHL • Many African States Parties to the Convention have no sites on World Heritage List.(29-53) • High number on the List in Danger. • The management is not effective. WORLD HERITAGE LIST?

  4. 29th session of the WHC (Durban 2005) proposal to create the AWHF • Endorsed by: General Assembly of the State Parties to the World Heritage Convention (Paris October 2005) African Union Summit (2006) CREATION OF THE AWHF

  5. All African countries upon ratification of the World Heritage Convention (53 AU countries) • Voluntary contributions by member states to the World Heritage Convention • Regular reports to be provided to the World Heritage Committee and the African Union MEMBERSHIP

  6. To complement, the World Heritage Committee • 10 year action plan with main • emphasis on capacity building • Focus on: • Increase and improve quality of nomination to WHC • Programmes to improve conservation and management • WHS contributing to the image and development of Africa MAIN MANDATE Investing..... in Africàs heritage

  7. Identify African heritage sites to be inscribed to the World Heritage List • Conservation and management of heritage sites • Rehabilitate sites inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger • Capacity building for heritage institutions and professionals. • Involve communities in and ensure that tangible benefits accrue to them MISSION

  8. Capacity building for the nomination of Sites to the World Heritage List and conservation. • Harmonization of tentative lists • Up Steam gap studies- IUCN-ICOMOS • Site Management • Government-endorsed applications for assistance from African World Heritage Sites • Emergency Fund for immediate relief • Effective World Heritage Management systems –West Africa-with IUCN • Heritage and Development – Studies about the economic potential of World Heritage Sites PROGRAMMES

  9. Initial training courses in English, French, Arabic and Portuguese implemented • Evaluation of first round of courses • Tentative listing Regional workshops- Sao Tome, Nigeria, Gabon and Egypt • Encouraging Universities to research on African Heritage *Emphasis is on both institutional and professional capacity building CAPACITY BUILDING

  10. 2010 submissions to World Heritage Centre • Benin – Pendjari National Park (Nature) • Kenya – Kenya Lakes System (Nature) • Lesotho – Sehlabathebe National Park (Nature) • Nigeria – OkeIdanre Cultural Landscape (Culture) • Sudan – Meroe Island (Nature) *Further 8 nominations been deposited February 2011 RESULTS-CAPACITY BUILDING

  11. RESULTS CAPACITY BUILDING

  12. Effective Management implementation for West Africa Nature Sites in Collaboration with IUCN • Stone Circles of Senegal and Gambia • Support to James Island, Ngorogoro, Grant Bassam • Support to nomination of Loropeni (Burkin Faso) and Kaya Sacred Forests. • Portuguese Training Course Mozambique RESULTS-CONSERVATION

  13. RESULTS-CONSERVATION

  14. AWHF-IUCN-WEST AFRICA

  15. Second round of nomination courses • Tentative listing for Central Africa • Support & assistance for Kasubi Tombs, Uganda • Need to plan for risk preparedness for African sites(impact of climate and conflict) • Strategic planning for the next five years with emphasis on capacity building 2010-2011 Plans

  16. Endowment Fund-Long term mainly from Africa State parties and friends. • Programme Funding – Mainly AECID (Spain), Norway, Netherlands and Sweden • Operational – South Africa, Norway and Namibia FUNDING MECHANISM

  17. WH Sites as anchorage points for economic development • Improving infrastructure at the site • Involving local communities • Situational Analyses on fifteen case studies on potential site-Baseline studies-Workshop • Identify four cases for pilot implementation • Partnering with development institutions in identifying tourism investment strategies (DBSA-ADB, UEMOA) HERITAGE DEVELOPMENT

  18. HERITAGE DEVELOPMENT

  19. HERITAGE DEVELOPMENT

  20. AWHF objectives identify best practices to manage • ComMark, a policy institute with a SADC focus, is committed to making markets work for the poor. • DBSA, investment institution with a focus on infrastructural development. • Kanya – improve livelihoods of poor communities PARTNERS

  21. SITUATIONAL ANALYSES • undertake situational analysis of the infrastructural needs for tourism development targeting African World Heritage sites. • understand how best to develop African World Heritage properties as tourism destinations in order to unlock the economic opportunities and benefits that tourism can bring to the rural communities. .

  22. The existing and potential visitor markets. • Socio-economic and community impacts: participation and inclusion in the process of development and operations, as well as other benefits/ negative effects experienced. • Linkages between tourism and particular World Heritage Sites. • The institutional structures in place both on paper and in practice. • The financing models as well as revenue streams. THE STUDY

  23. Kilwa Kisiwani and Songo Mnara, was inscribed as a in 1981. App. 1000 people live on the Island KILWA KISIWANI & SONGO MNARA

  24. Great Zimbabwe inscribed in 1985. Approx 20 000 people around the site. Rural community GREAT ZIMBABWE

  25. Cradle of Humankind. (Fossil Hominid sites of Sterkfontein, Swartkrans, Kromdraai, and Environs) inscribed in 1999. Approx 25,000 in and around the site. Largely Peri Urban CRADLE OF HUMANKIND

  26. Twyfelfontein, /Ui-//aes, It was inscribed in 2007. Rural sites with approximately 300 people TWYFELFONTEIN /UI-/AESA

  27. Joint Management Committees • Conservancies. They provide local communities with the use of land from which they can draw income through their own activities or through concession-style arrangements with private sector operators. • Benefit not only from the site and its entrance but also from concession fees, which comprise a bed-night levy, from private accommodation providers in the area. TWYFELFONTEIN /UI-/AESA

  28. three are managed by the national heritage authorities: • Namibia and Zimbabwe, agencies of the state. • Tanzania the national Ministry of Antiquities is responsible for heritage sites management. • Cradle of Humankind trading entity created explicitly for managing Cradle of Humankind. High priority projects for the province with a specific focus on tourism. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS

  29. Except for Kilwa all the sites had private & public sector benefiting and thriving on the WHS. • Twyfelfontein the local community can benefits from Tourism activities. • Cradle of Humankind -formal Public Private Partnership agreement for visitor facilities. • Great Zimbabwe – Private sector investment not structured PRIVATE SECTOR PARTNERSHIPS

  30. Kilwa Kisiwani funded by UNESCO, the French Government and other international donors (such as JICA, SNV). • Twyfelfontein‟s partly funded by the European Development Fund. • Great Zimbabwe funding from government. Affected by political situation • Cradle Of Humankind capital investment form Government (US$80 m) in capital investment on roads and operational funding INTERNATIONAL INVOLVEMENT

  31. Kilwa, on the periphery of Tanzania's tourism circuit • Great Zimbabwe part of the promoted tourism sectors in the country. • Twyfelfontein promoted as part of the trans-Namibia tourism effort. • Cradle of Humankind-There are different tourism associations not the major tourist attractions in S.A. TOURISM ORGANISATIONS

  32. Socio-economic Dev, objective of the SA govt in Cradle of Humankind and to put Africa, and SA on the global map. • Great Zimbabwe significant national importance. No strategies in place for Socio-economic projects • Kilwa Kisiwani not much attention as other more prominent and better known WHS‟s. • Twyfelfontein , Namibia local economic development support, with a focus on community development, SOCIO-ECONOMIC PLANS

  33. Twyfelfontein, local crafters exhibited and sold at the visitor centre. WHS employs 15. Tourism related activities 100+ households affected 20 + • Great Zimbabwe. the craft market at WHS. WHS Employs 78: tourism related 700+households affected 120 + • Kilwa Kisiwani has limited opportunities to benefit locals. WHS employs 8 . No clear tourism industry. households affected Difficult to estimate 10+ • Cradle of Humankind, local stakeholders own lodges, hotels and provision of transport. WHS employs 28 ; Visitor facility 210 and tourism related 11000- households affected 500+ ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT AND BENEFITS

  34. CRADLE OF HUMANKIND

  35. Tourism Demand Study (2008) reported that tourists visiting the Cradle of Humankind generated a total of about R 695 million GDPR, about 0,1% of Gauteng’s GDPR R 334 million of the this GDPR generated in the World Heritage Site remains in the area. Rest was spent outside and on government taxes. tourists visiting in 2008 generated about 6.175 employment opportunities, that is, 0.2% contribution on Gauteng’s employment. 4 100 employment opportunities were created in COH WHS and the remaining 2 075 job opportunities were created outside COH WHS CRADLE OF HUMANKIND

  36. Great Zimbabwe and Twyfelfontein marked impact on the development of tourist destinations in their regions. • Cradle of Humankind Investment largely by government-, the increase in the number of tourism partly ascribed to WHS listing and actual investment by government since 1999. • Kilwa Kisiwani World Heritage Site has limited contribution to the socio-economic development of the Kilwa district. CONCLUSION

  37. - Category II: only UNESCO associated institution in Africa • Long term investment in African heritage and implementation of millennium goals • Sustainable development contribution • Access to in African countries – decision takers, cultural and scientific community BRAND OFFER

  38. We believe that Africa’s World Heritage Sites can be catalysts in transforming Africa’s image and means to stimulate socio-economic growth and infrastructure development for the benefit of Africa’s people. • Social cohesion - Heritage is a tool to strengthen identity and design powerful programmes of action to change places and positively impact the livelihood of communities . BENEFITS OF WHS

  39. Long term investment in African heritage and implementation of millennium goals • Sustainable development contribution • Access to in African countries – decision takers, cultural and scientific community • Rooted on the continent and collaborating with WHC, ICOMOS, IUCN and ICCROM • Support from African Union and Regional Economic institutions (DBSA UEMOA, NAPAD ETC BRAND OFFER

  40. “In areas like this where there is so much beauty surrounded by so much poverty, People forget that unless those around it see the benefits, they will destroy it. AFRICAN WORLD HERITAGE FUND Investing..... in Africàs heritage

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