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Explore the moral issues in Mark Twain's "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" through the lens of Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral reasoning. Analyze Tom Sawyer's gang, Tom and Huck's pranks, lies and deception, and the theme of slavery. Examine the Heinz Dilemma scenarios and understand the different levels of human morality.
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The Thematic Topic of Morality The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
Moral Issues in Huck Finn • Tom Sawyer’s “Gang of Robbers” • Tom and Huck’s pranks • Lies and deception • Slavery
Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Reasoning • Lawrence Kohlberg (1927-1987) was a well-known theorist in the field of moral development. He conducted moral dilemma surveys to probe people’s moral reasoning. • He created and used the “Heinz Dilemma” to determine the various levels of human morality
The Heinz Dilemma • Scenario 1: Should Heinz break into the laboratory to steal the drug for his wife? Why or why not?
Heinz Dilemma • Scenario 2: Should Brown report what he saw? Why or why not?
Heinz Dilemma • Scenario 3: Should the judge sentence Heinz to prison? Why or why not?
Level One: Pre-Conventional Morality Stage 0 Stage 1 Stage 2
Stage 0: Egocentric Reasoning Self-centered Orientation Preschool years to around age 4
Stage 1: Unquestioning Obedience Punishment-Obedience Orientation Around kindergarten age
Stage 2: What’s in-It-for-Me Fairness Instrumental Relativist Orientation Early elementary grades
Level Two: Conventional Morality Stage 3 Stage 4
Stage 3: Interpersonal Conformity Good Boy- Nice Girl Orientation Upper elementary grades to early to mid-teens
Stage 4: Responsibilty to “the System” Law and Order Orientation High school years or late teens
Stage 5: Principled Conscience Social Contract Orientation Universal Ethical Principle Orientation Young adulthood