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The War of 1812: America's Second War for Independence?

Explore the causes and key events of the War of 1812, from the Napoleonic Wars to the Battle of New Orleans. Discover the impact on American politics, economy, and military preparedness during this crucial period in US history.

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The War of 1812: America's Second War for Independence?

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  1. The War of 1812

  2. America's Second War for Independence?

  3. Causes of the War?

  4. 1. Napoleonic Wars • 1806  Berlin Decrees [“Continental System”] • 1806  Britain issued the “Orders in Council.” • 1807  Milan Decrees • 1808-1811  Britain impressed over 6,000 American sailors.

  5. 2. Chesapeake-Leopard “Affair” • June 21, 1807. • Br. Captain fired on the USS Chesapeake. • 3 dead, 18 wounded. • Br. Foreign Office said it was a mistake. • Jefferson’s Response: • Forbade Br. ships to dock in American ports. • Ordered state governors to call up as much as 100,000 militiamen.

  6. 3. The Embargo Act (1807)

  7. Presidential Election of 1808

  8. James Madison Becomes President

  9. Dolly Madison: The President’s Wife

  10. 4. The Non-Intercourse Act (1809) • Replaced the Embargo Act. • Remained U. S. policy until 1812. • Unexpected Consequences: • N. Eng. was forced to become self-sufficient again [old factories reopened]. • Laid the groundwork for US industrial power. • Jefferson, a critic of an industrial America, ironically contributed to Hamilton’s view of the US!!!

  11. 5. Br. Instigation of Indians British General Brock Meets with Tecumseh

  12. Battle of Tippecanoe, 1811 • General William HenryHarrison  governor ofthe Indiana Territory. • Invited Native Indianchiefs to Ft. Wayne, INto sign away 3 mil. acres of land to the US • Tecumseh – and the Prophet -organized a confederacy of Indian tribes to fight for their homelands. • Tecumseh’s brother fought against Harrison and was defeated at Tippecanoe. • This made Harrison a national hero![1840 election  Tippecanoe & Tyler, too!]

  13. “War Hawks” John C. Calhoun [SC] Henry Clay [KY]

  14. Presidential Election of 1812

  15. “Mr. Madison’s War!”

  16. American Problems • The US was unprepared militarily: • Had a 12-ship navy vs. Britain’s800 ships. • Americans disliked a draft  preferred to enlist in the disorganized state militias. • Financially unprepared: • Flood of paper $. • Revenue from import tariffs declined. • Regional disagreements.

  17. Overviewof theWarof1812

  18. 3 U. S. Invasions of 1812

  19. Campaigns of 1813

  20. Battle of Fort McHenry,1814 Oh Say Can You SeeBy the Dawn’s Early Light… -- Francis Scott Key

  21. Gave proof through the night,That our flag was still there..

  22. Hartford ConventionDecember, 1814 – January, 1815 --New England Considers Secession --Supported 2/3 vote for any embargo or treaty dealing with trade --Wanted higher threshold before going to war --Lead to death of Federalist Party

  23. Treaty of GhentDecember 24, 1814

  24. The Battle of New Orleans, 1815

  25. The Battle of New Orleans, 1815

  26. Jackson’s Florida Campaigns

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