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The War of 1812

The War of 1812. America's Second War for Independence?. Causes of the War?. Honor – Expansion. 1. Freedom of the Seas. 1806  Milan-Berlin Decrees [“Continental System”] 1806  Britain issued the “Orders in Council.” Both French and British disrupt American trade.

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The War of 1812

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  1. The War of 1812

  2. America's Second War for Independence?

  3. Causes of the War? Honor – Expansion

  4. 1. Freedom of the Seas • 1806  Milan-Berlin Decrees [“Continental System”] • 1806  Britain issued the “Orders in Council.” • Both French and British disrupt American trade

  5. 2. Impressment • 1808-1811  Britain impressed over 6,000 American sailors. • Chesapeake Affair

  6. 3. Embargos • The Embargo Act (1807) • The “OGRABME” Turtle • The Non-Intercourse Act - 1809

  7. British instigation of Indians Poor crop prices in foreign markets Blamed on freedom of seas issues 4. Western Farmers Concerns British General Brock Meets with Tecumseh

  8. Expansion into the West & Canada Get rid of the British threat to the North 5. Expansion

  9. “War Hawks” John C. Calhoun [SC] Henry Clay [KY]

  10. Battle of Tippecanoe, 1811 • General William HenryHarrison  governor ofthe Indiana Territory. • Tecumseh organized a confederacy of Indian tribes to fight for their homelands. • Tecumseh’s brother “the Prophet” fought against Harrison and was defeated at Tippecanoe. • Indians lose faith in Prophet’s leadership and abandon confederation • This made Harrison a national hero![1840 election  Tippecanoe & Tyler, too!]

  11. “Mr. Madison’s War!”

  12. American Problems • The US was unprepared militarily: • Had a 12-ship navy vs. Britain’s800 ships. • Many preferred to enlist in the disorganized state militias. • Financially unprepared • Regional disagreements. • New England trades with British – did not want war

  13. Overviewof theWarof1812

  14. 3 U. S. Invasions of 1812

  15. Campaigns of 1813

  16. American Victory O.H. Perry captures British flotilla Wins control of upper lakes Battle of Thames – Tecumseh killed Battle of Lake Erie – Sept 1813

  17. New York - fighting upstate Washington Burned the capitol … response to York Ft McHenry Star Spangled Banner New Orleans British Campaigns 1814

  18. New England Economy hurt by war Trade with the enemy NE Federalists meet in secret Opposition to the war Discuss Constitutional amendments Radicals discuss secession Rumors spread about secession Federalists discredited Hartford ConventionDecember, 1814 – January, 1815

  19. Treaty of GhentDecember 24, 1814 “Status Quo Antebellum”

  20. The Battle of New Orleans, 1815

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