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Moving forward after Fukushima

Moving forward after Fukushima. International Symposium on Nuclear Safety Mar.14~15,2013 Bratislava, Slovakia Takuya HATTORI JAIF. Current status of Fukushima --- on site ---. - cooling cooling sys. of the damaged core and SFP was established

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Moving forward after Fukushima

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  1. Moving forward after Fukushima International Symposium on Nuclear Safety Mar.14~15,2013 Bratislava, Slovakia Takuya HATTORI JAIF

  2. Current status of Fukushima--- on site --- - cooling cooling sys. of the damaged core and SFP was established and controlled stably - confinement release of radioactive material into the environment have been dramatically suppressed - effluent water management large volume of contaminated effluent water have been treated and recycled as cooling water for damaged core - decommissioning mid. & long term road map towards the decommissioning was decided and deployed

  3. Contamination highly contaminated in NW direction over 30 km Entry restriction zoning by level of contamination （Apr. 2011~） - Restricted Area - Deliberate Evacuation Area - Evacuation Prepared Area in Case of Emergency latest zoning (Mar.2012~) - evacuation orders are ready to be lifted - the residents are not permitted to live - the residents have difficulties in returning for a long time Current status of Fukushima --- off site (1) ---

  4. Current status of Fukushima --- off site (2)--- -evacuation more than 150,000 people have suffered as evacuee apart from their hometown - compensation TEPCO has implementedcompensation based on the Nuclear Damage Liability Facilitation Fund Law -decontamination decontamination work has been deployed based on the model projects but not progressed smoothly - waste management storage/disposal of radioactive waste generated in the process of decontamination has been one of the biggest issue

  5. Roadmap for Decommissioning Starting Pt. Dec.2011 • Removal of Spent Fuel from the SF Pool - unit 4 : start within 2 yrs. - unit 1, 2, 3 : start within 3 yrs. & complete within 10 yrs • Removal of Fuel Debris - start fuel debris removal within 10 yrs. - complete after 20~25 yrs. • Dismantling of plants - complete after 30~40 yrs.

  6. Roadmap for Decontamination

  7. Current status of Nuclear Power Plant in Japan Current status of Nuclear Power Plant in Japan : In operation(2 unit, 2.36GWe) : Outage for the periodic inspection(35 units, 30.61GWe) : Shutdown due to tsunami anand the government request(13 units, 13.18 GWe) TOTAL : 50 units, 46.15GWe

  8. Effects by suspension of NPP operation in Japan • Restart of operation of aged fossil plants • Increase import of oil and gas - LNG import : 70Mt(2010)/87Mt(2012) - additional cost to purchase : ~30B Euro (~40B$) • Economic pressure on utility companies • Electricity rate change - Burden on industries ~ 15% increase - Burden on household expenditure ~10% increase • Increase CO2emission 200Mt • Risk on stable supply of electricity

  9. Basic Energy Policy of Japan • before 3.11 simultaneous achievement of 3E 3E : Energysecurity Environmentalconservation Economicgrowth • after 3.11 S+3E S : Safety

  10. Role of Nuclear Power in Japan --- before 3.11 --- 54 NPPs (30 BWR, 24 PWR) 49GWe, ~300Twh • Power Generation by Nuclear (~30%) Gas (~30%) Coal (~20%) Oil (~10%) Renewable incl. Hydro (~10%) • Reduction of CO2 emission by Nuclear ~200Mt CO2 (~15% of Japan)

  11. Deliberation on Energy policy after 3.11 (1) under the Former Administration (DPJ) “Innovative Strategy on Energy & Environment” (14/9/12) “Future Policies for Energy and Environment” (19/9/12) Realization of a Society not Dependent on Nuclear Power Gov. of Japan mobilize all possible policy resources to such a level as to even enable zero operation of nuclear power plants in the 2030’s principles 1. 40years life 2. restart after NRA review 3. no new construction

  12. Deliberation on Energy policy after 3.11 (2) under the New Administration (LDP) • more positive on Nuclear than DPJ • LDP keeps cautious position until next Upper House election (Jul.2013) • expect New Energy Policy will be more practical considering national security • deliberation will start soon • “New Basic Energy Plan” will be finalized by the end of 2013

  13. New Government Policy Policy Speech by Prime Minister Abe (to the 183th Session of the Diet) Feb.28,2013 -will foster a culture of safety - will restart nuclear power plans where safety has been confirmed - will promote the introduction of energy conservation and renewable energies to the greatest possible extent to reduce our degree of dependency on nuclear power as much as possible - will begin a fundamental reform of the electric system

  14. Role of Nuclear Power • World energy demandincrease would be inevitable. • For sustainable future of the planet, we have to challenge to realize low carbon society. • Nuclear power have played animportant rolefor energy supply assurance and reduction of GHG emission. • There is no silver bullet to realize low carbon society, but there would be no solution withoutnuclear power.

  15. Projections in the Growth of World Nuclear Power “Nuclear growth slowing not stalling” • In 2010 - in operation : 435 units (370 Gwe) - generated power : 2700 Twh (13%) - under construction : 65 units (65 Gwe) ~2/3 in Asia • In 2030 (low/high) - new construction : 90/350 units - in operation : 500/750 Gwe • Major countries to contribute for growth - China, India, Russia, Korea, middle East, east Europe Source : IAEA, IEA, WNA

  16. Responsible Development of Nuclear Power • Ensuring the 3S (Safeguards, Safety, Security) • Preparing the solutions for radioactive waste • Human Resources Development (HRD) • Investment on R&D • Support of Newcomer countries

  17. Enhancement of Safety • Deployment of SA Countermeasures • Reinforcement of Emergency Preparedness • Preparation of International Safety Standard • Infiltration ofSafety Culture • Peer Review by international community

  18. Enhancement of Safety New Nuclear Safety Construct “The new construct will expand on the evolving safety frameworks, reaching beyond adequate protection of public health and safety to prevent socio-political and economic consequences from a severe nuclear accident.” proposed by ASME task force (June 2012)

  19. Role and Responsibility of Japan after Fukushima • Share the lessons learned of Fukushima accident with international community and enhancenuclear safety • RestoreFukushima site and surrounding environment safely • Maintainnuclear technology and contributeinternational community • Strengthen the international regime of nonproliferation and nuclear security

  20. Challenges for moving forward in Japan • Restoration of Fukushima - Decontamination of the environment - Decommissioning of the damaged plants • Enhancement of Safety • Progress in SF management & HLW disposal • Improving the literacy on Radiation exposure • Rebuilding Public Confidence

  21. Japan’s strength • Construction experience of 57 NPP in Japan - 50 years continuous construction of NPP without interruption • Technology accumulation based on R&D • Operating experience ~1500 Rx・yrs • Supply chain of high quality component • Well trained high level of workforce • Construction project management capability - “on time, on budget”

  22. Support of newcomer countries • Japan started nuclear program in 1955 • UK and USA fully supported Japan’s program • 1st generation LWRs started operation 1970 • establish indigenous technology by mid. 80’s • Japan will continue to supportnewcomer countries even after Fukushima accident • share the lessons learned of Fukushima accident and enhance safety • human resources development is the key pillar

  23. Conclusion • World energy demand increase is inevitable • Nuclear power have played an important role for energy supply assurance and reduction of GHG emission • To realize sustainable future of our planet, we have to establish low carbon society • There is no silver bullet for reduction of GHG emission, but no solution without nuclear power • We have to overcome Fukushima accident by enhancing safety and rebuildingpublic confidence • To develop nuclear program steadily, we have to share the vision and international cooperation is crucial • Japan will continue to support newcomer countries

  24. Never, ever again anywhere in the world Share the long term vision for Nuclear Energy Thank you for your attention! t-hattori@jaif.or.jp www.jaif.or.jp/english

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